---
title: bestir — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bestir» in the Judaism dictionary: To bestir is to get up and start moving or acting, often after being lazy. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bestir

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** it, sound, thou, LORD, thee, you · **What happens:** bestir, be, start, move, act, mean · **To what, where:** yourself, tops, mulberry trees, host, youths, bus · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«bestir» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bestir in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/bestir.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To bestir is to get up and start moving or acting, often after being lazy.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bestir:m1:1
# text = To bestir is to get up and start moving or acting, often after being lazy.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	bestir	bestir	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	start	start	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
9	moving	move	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	xcomp	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	acting	act	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	often	often	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
14	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	cop	_	_
16	lazy	lazy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bestir** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | get *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **start** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **move** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **act** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | lazy, often *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Bestir yourself» means hurry up and get busy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bestir:m2:1
# text = «Bestir yourself» means hurry up and get busy.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Bestir	bestir	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	hurry	hurry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
10	busy	busy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bestir** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | yourself |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **hurry up** *not said to happen* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **get** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | busy *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And it shall be, when thou hearest the sound of marching in the tops of the mulberry-trees, that then thou shalt bestir thyself; for then is the LORD gone out before thee to smite the host of the Philistines.' (Prophets 2SA.5.24, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And it shall be, when thou hearest the sound of marching in the tops of the mulberry-trees, that then thou shalt bestir thyself; for then is the LORD gone out before thee to smite the host of the Philistines.'

<!-- fold The tree, 40 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bestir:x1:1
# text = And it shall be, when thou hearest the sound of marching in the tops of the mulberry-trees, that then thou shalt bestir thyself; for then is the LORD gone out before thee to smite the host of the Philistines.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj:outer	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	nsubj	_	_
8	hearest	hear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	marching	march	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	tops	top	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	mulberry	mulberry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
22	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	obj	_	_
23	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	26	advmod	_	_
24	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	26	nsubj	_	_
25	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	bestir	bestir	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	acl:relcl	_	_
27	thyself	thyself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Style=Arch	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
29	for	for	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	34	obl	_	_
31	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	cop	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
34	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	parataxis	_	_
35	out	out	ADP	RP	_	34	compound:prt	_	_
36	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	39	mark	_	_
37	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	39	nsubj	_	_
38	to	to	PART	TO	_	39	mark	_	_
39	smite	smite	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	advcl	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obj	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	Philistines	Philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	41	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | shall | it |  |  |  |  | hear *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **march** | gerund | the sound *not said here* |  |  | the tops of the mulberry trees |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in top=Trajectory |
| 3 | **bestir** | shall | thou | the mulberry trees |  |  | then |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present | the LORD |  |  |  |  | go *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **smite** | to-infinitive | thee | the host of the Philistines |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus host=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 2SA.5.24, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bestir:x1:2
# text = (Prophets 2SA.5.24, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	2SA.5.24	2SA.5.24	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bestir yourself, you lazy old giant!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bestir:x2:1
# text = Bestir yourself, you lazy old giant!
1	Bestir	bestir	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
5	lazy	lazy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	giant	giant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bestir** | imperative | you *not said here* | yourself |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **giant** |  | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The news made the youths bestir themselves and set out at once.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bestir:x3:1
# text = The news made the youths bestir themselves and set out at once.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	youths	youth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	bestir	bestir	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	6	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	set	set	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the news |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bestir** | present | the youths | youths *= youth* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **set out** | past | the news *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is late, so bestir yourself or we will miss the bus.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bestir:x4:1
# text = It is late, so bestir yourself or we will miss the bus.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	bestir	bestir	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
7	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	6	obj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	miss	miss	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | late *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **bestir** | infinitive |  | yourself |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **miss** | future | we | the bus |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bus=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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