---
title: bewilder — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bewilder» in the Judaism dictionary: To bewilder someone is to confuse them so much that they do not know what to think or do. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bewilder

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** they, various commentaries, Princess, It, maze, maths problem · **What happens:** bewilder, be, not know, think, do, enlighten · **To what, where:** someone, student, anyone, me · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«bewilder» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bewilder in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/bewilder.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To bewilder someone is to confuse them so much that they do not know what to think or do.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bewilder:m1:1
# text = To bewilder someone is to confuse them so much that they do not know what to think or do.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	bewilder	bewilder	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	confuse	confuse	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	much	much	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
15	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	17	obj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	think	think	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	ccomp	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bewilder** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus someone=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | confuse *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **know** | present · do-support | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 4 | **think** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme |
| 5 | **do** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The various commentaries upon it are more apt to bewilder the student than to enlighten him. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The various commentaries upon it are more apt to bewilder the student than to enlighten him.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bewilder:x1:1
# text = The various commentaries upon it are more apt to bewilder the student than to enlighten him.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	various	various	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	commentaries	commentary	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
4	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nmod	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	8	advmod	_	_
8	apt	apt	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	bewilder	bewilder	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	csubj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	student	student	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	enlighten	enlighten	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the various commentaries upon it |  |  |  |  | apt *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **bewilder** | to-infinitive |  | the student |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus student=Experiencer |
| 3 | **enlighten** | to-infinitive |  | student |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bewilder:x1:2
# text = (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Princess said, «It is bewildering!»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bewilder:x2:1
# text = The Princess said, «It is bewildering!»
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	bewildering	bewilder	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: express* | past | the Princess |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **bewilder** *in a quote* | present · progressive | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The maze of halls was enough to bewilder anyone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bewilder:x3:1
# text = The maze of halls was enough to bewilder anyone.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	maze	maze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	halls	hall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	bewilder	bewilder	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	csubj	_	_
9	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the maze of halls |  |  |  |  | enough *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **bewilder** | to-infinitive |  | anyone |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus anyone=Experiencer |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The long maths problem bewildered me at first.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bewilder:x4:1
# text = The long maths problem bewildered me at first.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	compound	_	_
4	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	bewildered	bewilder	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bewilder** | past | maths problem | me |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ↑ back to [B in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/B/)