---
title: bitter — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bitter» in the Judaism dictionary: Bitter describes a strong, sharp, unpleasant taste, like black coffee, dark chocolate or the peel of a lemon. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bitter

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Bitter, Bitter weather, Bitter feelings, something, bitter fight, they · **What happens:** describe, be, happen, come, not drink, eat · **To what, where:** strong sharp unpleasant taste, bitter kind, UK, Marah, flesh, it

<!-- .vabout -->
«bitter» in the Judaism dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bitter in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/bitter.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bitter describes a strong, sharp, unpleasant taste, like black coffee, dark chocolate or the peel of a lemon.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:m1:1
# text = Bitter describes a strong, sharp, unpleasant taste, like black coffee, dark chocolate or the peel of a lemon.
1	Bitter	bitter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
4	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	unpleasant	unpleasant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	taste	taste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	coffee	coffee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	peel	peel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	lemon	lemon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | present | Bitter | a strong sharp unpleasant taste |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent taste=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bitter weather or wind is extremely cold.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:m2:1
# text = Bitter weather or wind is extremely cold.
1	Bitter	bitter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	extremely	extremely	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Bitter weather or wind |  |  |  |  | cold, extremely *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bitter feelings are angry, hurt and resentful because something unfair happened.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:m3:1
# text = Bitter feelings are angry, hurt and resentful because something unfair happened.
1	Bitter	bitter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	feelings	feeling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	hurt	hurt	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	resentful	resentful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
9	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	12	nsubj	_	_
11	unfair	unfair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
12	happened	happen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Bitter feelings |  |  |  |  | angry *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Bitter feelings *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | Bitter feelings *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **happen** | past | something |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bitter fight or argument is very angry and hard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:m4:1
# text = A bitter fight or argument is very angry and hard.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	fight	fight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	argument	argument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a bitter fight or argument |  |  |  |  | angry *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | a bitter fight or argument *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the UK, bitter is also a kind of beer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:m5:1
# text = In the UK, bitter is also a kind of beer.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	also	also	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	beer	beer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a bitter kind |  | the UK |  | of beer | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And when they came to Marah, they could not drink of the waters of Marah, for they were bitter. (Torah EXO.15.23, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And when they came to Marah, they could not drink of the waters of Marah, for they were bitter.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x1:1
# text = And when they came to Marah, they could not drink of the waters of Marah, for they were bitter.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
2	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Marah	Marah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Marah	Marah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
21	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | they |  |  | Marah |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to marah=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **not** **drink** | could | they |  |  |  |  | of the waters of Marah | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent of water=Source |
| 3 | **is** | past | waters *= water* |  |  |  |  | bitter *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.15.23, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x1:2
# text = (Torah EXO.15.23, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.15.23	EXO.15.23	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; with bitter herbs they shall eat it. (Torah EXO.12.8, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; with bitter herbs they shall eat it.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x2:1
# text = And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; with bitter herbs they shall eat it.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	flesh	flesh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	roast	roast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	unleavened	unleavened	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	herbs	herb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | shall | they | the flesh |  |  | night |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flesh=Patient |
| 2 | **eat** | shall | herbs *= herb* | flesh |  |  |  | with bitter herbs | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.12.8, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x2:2
# text = (Torah EXO.12.8, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.12.8	EXO.12.8	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
in the second month on the fourteenth day at dusk they shall keep it; they shall eat it with unleavened bread and bitter herbs; (Torah NUM.9.11, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x3:1
# text = in the second month on the fourteenth day at dusk they shall keep it; they shall eat it with unleavened bread and bitter herbs; (Torah NUM.9.11, JPS 1917)
1	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	amod	_	_
4	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	fourteenth	fourteenth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	dusk	dusk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	unleavened	unleavened	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	herbs	herb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
27	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	NUM.9.11	NUM.9.11	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
31	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	flat	_	_
32	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	29	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	29	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | shall | they | it |  |  | month |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 2 | **eat** | shall | they | it |  |  |  | with unleavened bread and bitter herbs | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But her end is bitter as wormwood, sharp as a two-edged sword. (Writings PRO.5.4, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* But her end is bitter as wormwood, sharp as a two-edged sword.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x4:1
# text = But her end is bitter as wormwood, sharp as a two-edged sword.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	wormwood	wormwood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
12	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	edged	edge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	amod	_	_
15	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | her end |  |  |  |  | as wormwood; bitter *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **edge** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PRO.5.4, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x4:2
# text = (Writings PRO.5.4, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PRO.5.4	PRO.5.4	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Even to-day is my complaint bitter; my hand is become heavy because of my groaning. (Writings JOB.23.2, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Even to-day is my complaint bitter; my hand is become heavy because of my groaning.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x5:1
# text = Even to-day is my complaint bitter; my hand is become heavy because of my groaning.
1	Even	even	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	complaint	complaint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	parataxis	_	_
14	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	_
15	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	18	case	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	fixed	_	_
17	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	groaning	groaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | day | my complaint |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **become** | present · passive |  | my hand |  |  |  | heavy *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.23.2, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x5:2
# text = (Writings JOB.23.2, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.23.2	JOB.23.2	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The full soul loatheth a honeycomb; but to the hungry soul every bitter thing is sweet. (Writings PRO.27.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The full soul loatheth a honeycomb; but to the hungry soul every bitter thing is sweet.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x6:1
# text = The full soul loatheth a honeycomb; but to the hungry soul every bitter thing is sweet.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	loatheth	loathe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	honeycomb	honeycomb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	hungry	hungry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
13	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	det	_	_
14	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **loathe** | present | the full soul | a honeycomb |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer honeycomb=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is** | present | every bitter thing |  |  |  |  | to the hungry soul; sweet *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PRO.27.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x6:2
# text = (Writings PRO.27.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PRO.27.7	PRO.27.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This coffee is too bitter for me.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x7:1
# text = This coffee is too bitter for me.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	coffee	coffee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	too	too	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | this coffee |  |  |  |  | for me; bitter *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dark chocolate tastes a bit bitter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x8:1
# text = Dark chocolate tastes a bit bitter.
1	Dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	tastes	taste	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **taste** | present | Dark chocolate |  |  |  |  | bitter *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bitter wind blew across the playground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x9:1
# text = A bitter wind blew across the playground.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	blew	blow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	across	across	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	playground	playground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blow** | past | a bitter wind |  |  | the playground |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He felt bitter about losing the race unfairly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x10:1
# text = He felt bitter about losing the race unfairly.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	about	about	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	losing	lose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	unfairly	unfairly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | He |  |  |  |  | bitter *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **lose** | gerund | He *not said here* | the race |  |  |  | unfairly *property* | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent race=Eventuality |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The two teams were bitter rivals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x11:1
# text = The two teams were bitter rivals.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	teams	team	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	rivals	rival	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the two teams | bitter rivals |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some medicine tastes bitter, so mix it with juice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x12:1
# text = Some medicine tastes bitter, so mix it with juice.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	tastes	taste	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	mix	mix	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	juice	juice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **taste** | present | some medicine |  |  |  |  | bitter *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **mix** | infinitive | some medicine *not said here* | medicine |  |  |  | with juice | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient with juice=Co-Patient |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never taste berries you find; some are bitter and poisonous.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x13:1
# text = Never taste berries you find; some are bitter and poisonous.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	taste	taste	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	berries	berry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	find	find	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	nsubj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **taste** | imperative | you *not said here* | berries |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Theme berry=Attribute |
| 2 | **find** | present | you | berries *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent berry=Topic |
| 3 | **is** | present | some |  |  |  |  | bitter *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **be** |  | some *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They kept fighting to the bitter end.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bitter:x14:1
# text = They kept fighting to the bitter end.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	fighting	fight	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | They |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fight** | gerund | They *not said here* |  |  |  | to the bitter end |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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