---
title: bruise — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bruise» in the Judaism dictionary: A purple, blue or dark mark on the skin caused by a bump or knock that breaks tiny blood vessels underneath without breaking the skin. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/B/bruise/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/) / [B](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/B/) / bruise

# bruise

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** knock, I, That, stones, ye, enmity · **What happens:** cause, break, get, give, bruise, have · **To what, where:** skin, tiny blood vessels, bruise, arm, stones, land · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«bruise» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 15 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bruise in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/bruise.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A purple, blue or dark mark on the skin caused by a bump or knock that breaks tiny blood vessels underneath without breaking the skin.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:m1:1
# text = A purple, blue or dark mark on the skin caused by a bump or knock that breaks tiny blood vessels underneath without breaking the skin.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
2	purple	purple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
7	mark	mark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	bump	bump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	knock	knock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	breaks	break	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
19	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
20	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	vessels	vessel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
22	underneath	underneath	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
23	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
24	breaking	break	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | participle |  | the skin *not said here* |  |  |  | by a bump or knock | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 2 | **break** | present | knock | tiny blood vessels |  |  |  | underneath *property* | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer vessel=Patient |
| 3 | **break** | gerund | knock *not said here* | the skin |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer skin=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A soft, brown, damaged spot on fruit, like a bruise on an apple.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:m2:1
# text = A soft, brown, damaged spot on fruit, like a bruise on an apple.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
2	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	damaged	damaged	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	spot	spot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	bruise	bruise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As a verb, to get or give a bruise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:m3:1
# text = As a verb, to get or give a bruise.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	get	get	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	give	give	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bruise	bruise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | as a verb | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer as verb=Attribute |
| 2 | **give** | infinitive |  | a bruise |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bruise=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I bruised my arm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:m3e:1
# text = I bruised my arm.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bruised	bruise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bruise** | past | I | my arm |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That which hath its stones bruised, or crushed, or torn, or cut, ye shall not offer unto the LORD; neither shall ye do thus in your land. (Torah LEV.22.24, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* That which hath its stones bruised, or crushed, or torn, or cut, ye shall not offer unto the LORD; neither shall ye do thus in your land.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x1:1
# text = That which hath its stones bruised, or crushed, or torn, or cut, ye shall not offer unto the LORD; neither shall ye do thus in your land.
1	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	nsubj	_	_
2	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	bruised	bruise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	crushed	crush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	torn	tear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
17	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	20	nsubj	_	_
18	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
20	offer	offer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	_
21	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
25	neither	neither	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
26	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
27	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	28	nsubj	_	_
28	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
29	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | That | its stones |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bruise** | participle | its stones *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **crush** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **tear** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **cut** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 6 | **not** **offer** | shall | ye |  |  |  |  | unto the LORD | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **do** | shall | ye |  |  | your land |  | neither, thus *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah LEV.22.24, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x1:2
# text = (Torah LEV.22.24, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	LEV.22.24	LEV.22.24	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; they shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise their heel.' (Torah GEN.3.15, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; they shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise their heel.'

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x2:1
# text = And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; they shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise their heel.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	enmity	enmity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	between	between	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
13	between	between	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	seed	seed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	seed	seed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
20	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	bruise	bruise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
23	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
27	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	29	nsubj	_	_
28	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	bruise	bruise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	conj	_	_
30	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	heel	heel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | future | I | enmity and the woman |  | thee |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent enmity=Theme between thou=Destination |
| 2 | **bruise** | shall | enmity | thy head |  |  |  | between thy seed and woman's seed | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient |
| 3 | **bruise** | shall | thou | enmity's heel |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heel=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.3.15, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x2:2
# text = (Torah GEN.3.15, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.3.15	GEN.3.15	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Lamech said unto his wives: Adah and Zillah, hear my voice; ye wives of Lamech, hearken unto my speech; for I have slain a man for wounding me, and a young man for bruising me; (Torah GEN.4.23, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 40 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x3:1
# text = And Lamech said unto his wives: Adah and Zillah, hear my voice; ye wives of Lamech, hearken unto my speech; for I have slain a man for wounding me, and a young man for bruising me; (Torah GEN.4.23, JPS 1917)
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Lamech	Lamech	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	wives	wife	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Adah	Adah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	Zillah	Zillah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
13	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
16	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	nsubj	_	_
17	wives	wife	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Lamech	Lamech	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	hearken	hearken	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
22	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
26	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
27	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
28	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	slain	slay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
32	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
33	wounding	wound	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	31	acl	_	_
34	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	33	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
37	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
38	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
40	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	41	mark	_	_
41	bruising	bruise	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	39	acl	_	_
42	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	41	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
44	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	45	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	49	nsubj	_	_
46	GEN.4.23	GEN.4.23	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	45	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
48	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	45	conj	_	_
49	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	49	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Lamech |  |  |  |  | unto Lamech's wives | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **hear** | infinitive | Adah and Zillah | my voice |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus |
| 3 | **wife** |  | ye |  |  |  |  | of Lamech | tree rules |
| 4 | **hearken** | present | wives |  |  |  |  | unto my speech | tree rules |
| 5 | **slay** | present · perfect | I | a man |  |  |  | a young man *obl* | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Patient |
| 6 | **wound** | gerund | a man *not said here* | me |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer |
| 7 | **bruise** | gerund | a young man *not said here* | me |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient |
| 8 | **speak** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom speech «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and they committed harlotries in Egypt; they committed harlotries in their youth; there were their bosoms pressed, and there their virgin breasts were bruised. (Prophets EZK.23.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* and they committed harlotries in Egypt; they committed harlotries in their youth; there were their bosoms pressed, and there their virgin breasts were bruised.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x4:1
# text = and they committed harlotries in Egypt; they committed harlotries in their youth; there were their bosoms pressed, and there their virgin breasts were bruised.
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	committed	commit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	harlotries	harlotry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	committed	commit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	harlotries	harlotry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	16	expl	_	_
16	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
17	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	bosoms	bosom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
19	pressed	press	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
22	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	27	expl	_	_
23	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
24	virgin	virgin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	breasts	breast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj:pass	_	_
26	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	bruised	bruise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **commit** | past | they | harlotries |  | Egypt |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent harlotry=Theme in egypt=Destination |
| 2 | **commit** | past | harlotries *= harlotry* | harlotries |  | harlotries's youth |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent harlotry=Theme in youth=Destination |
| 3 | **be** | past | harlotries's bosoms |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **press** | participle |  | harlotries's bosoms *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **bruise** | past · passive |  | harlotries's virgin breasts |  | there |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 6 | **bosom** |  | harlotries *= harlotry* |  |  |  |  |  | nom bosom «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets EZK.23.3, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x4:2
# text = (Prophets EZK.23.3, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZK.23.3	EZK.23.3	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thus thou didst call to remembrance the lewdness of thy youth, when they from Egypt bruised thy breasts for the bosom of thy youth. (Prophets EZK.23.21, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Thus thou didst call to remembrance the lewdness of thy youth, when they from Egypt bruised thy breasts for the bosom of thy youth.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x5:1
# text = Thus thou didst call to remembrance the lewdness of thy youth, when they from Egypt bruised thy breasts for the bosom of thy youth.
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
3	didst	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	call	call	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	remembrance	remembrance	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	lewdness	lewdness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	17	advmod	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	bruised	bruise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	breasts	breast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
20	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	bosom	bosom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | thou | call |  |  |  | thus *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **remembrance** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* | the lewdness of thy youth |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **bruise** | past | they | thy breasts |  |  |  | for the bosom of thy youth | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breast=Patient |
| 4 | **bosom** |  |  | thy youth |  |  |  |  | nom bosom «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets EZK.23.21, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x5:2
# text = (Prophets EZK.23.21, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZK.23.21	EZK.23.21	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bruised reed shall he not break, and the dimly burning wick shall he not quench; he shall make the right to go forth according to the truth. (Prophets ISA.42.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A bruised reed shall he not break, and the dimly burning wick shall he not quench; he shall make the right to go forth according to the truth.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x6:1
# text = A bruised reed shall he not break, and the dimly burning wick shall he not quench; he shall make the right to go forth according to the truth.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bruised	bruise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	reed	reed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	break	break	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	dimly	dimly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	amod	_	_
13	wick	wick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
14	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
17	quench	quench	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	right	right	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	acl	_	_
26	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
27	according	accord	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	25	xcomp	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bruise** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **break** | shall | a bruised reed |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **burn** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | dimly *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **quench** | shall | the burning wick |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **make** | shall | wick | the right |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent right=Product |
| 6 | **go** | to-infinitive | wick *not said here* | the right *not said here* |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 7 | **accord** | gerund | wick *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the truth *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to truth=Goal |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.42.3, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x6:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.42.3, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.42.3	ISA.42.3	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I got a big bruise on my leg when I fell off my bike.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x7:1
# text = I got a big bruise on my leg when I fell off my bike.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	bruise	bruise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	leg	leg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
12	off	off	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | I | a big bruise |  | my leg |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent bruise=Theme on leg=Source |
| 2 | **fall off** | past | I | my bike |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bruise turned green and yellow as it healed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x8:1
# text = The bruise turned green and yellow as it healed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bruise	bruise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	healed	heal	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | the bruise |  |  |  |  | green *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **heal** | past | bruise |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put a cold pack on the bruise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x9:1
# text = Put a cold pack on the bruise.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	pack	pack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bruise	bruise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | a cold pack |  | the bruise |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent pack=Theme on bruise=Destination |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't drop the bananas or they'll bruise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x10:1
# text = Don't drop the bananas or they'll bruise.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	drop	drop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bananas	banana	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	bruise	bruise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **drop** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | the bananas |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent banana=Theme |
| 2 | **bruise** | future | bananas *= banana* |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My shin is bruised from football.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x11:1
# text = My shin is bruised from football.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	shin	shin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	bruised	bruise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bruise** | present · passive |  | My shin |  | football |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This apple has a brown bruise on one side.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x12:1
# text = This apple has a brown bruise on one side.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	bruise	bruise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | this apple | a brown bruise |  | one side |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bruise=Patient |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bruises usually fade in a week or two.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x13:1
# text = Bruises usually fade in a week or two.
1	Bruises	bruise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	fade	fade	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fade** | present | Bruises |  |  |  | week | usually *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her feelings were bruised when nobody picked her.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x14:1
# text = Her feelings were bruised when nobody picked her.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	feelings	feeling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	bruised	bruise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	7	nsubj	_	_
7	picked	pick	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bruise** | past · passive |  | Her feelings |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **pick** | past | nobody | her *= she* |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Patient |

## Example 15 {#x15}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“The doctor has ordered it because I have bruised my foot.”

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:bruise:x15:1
# text = “The doctor has ordered it because I have bruised my foot.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	ordered	order	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	bruised	bruise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	_
11	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **order** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | the doctor | it |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary it=Theme |
| 2 | **bruise** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | I |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [brow](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/B/brow/)
- next →: [brush](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/B/brush/)
- ↑ back to [B in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/B/)