---
title: burdened — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «burdened» in the Judaism dictionary: Carrying a heavy load. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# burdened

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, Thou, thy, He, you, we · **What happens:** carry, weigh down, not burden, weary, have, buy · **To what, where:** heavy load, thee, sweet cane, Me, hikers, Families

<!-- .vabout -->
«burdened» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [burdened in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/burdened.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Carrying a heavy load.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:burdened:m1:1
# text = Carrying a heavy load.
1	Carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	load	load	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | gerund |  | a heavy load |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent load=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Weighed down by worries, duties, debts or problems.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:burdened:m2:1
# text = Weighed down by worries, duties, debts or problems.
1	Weighed	weigh	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	down	down	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	worries	worry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	duties	duty	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	debts	debt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	problems	problem	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **weigh down** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by worries and duties and debts or problems | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I have not burdened thee with a meal-offering, nor wearied thee with frankincense. (Prophets ISA.43.23, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* I have not burdened thee with a meal-offering, nor wearied thee with frankincense.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:burdened:x1:1
# text = I have not burdened thee with a meal-offering, nor wearied thee with frankincense.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	burdened	burden	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	meal	meal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	13	cc	_	_
13	wearied	weary	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
14	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	obj	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	frankincense	frankincense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **burden** | present · perfect | I | thee |  |  |  | with a meal offering | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP»: agent=Agent thou=Recipient with offering=Theme |
| 2 | **weary** | participle | I *not said here* | thee |  |  |  | with frankincense | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus thou=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.43.23, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:burdened:x1:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.43.23, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.43.23	ISA.43.23	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thou hast bought Me no sweet cane with money, neither hast thou satisfied Me with the fat of thy sacrifices; but thou hast burdened Me with thy sins, thou hast wearied Me with thine iniquities. (Prophets ISA.43.24, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Thou hast bought Me no sweet cane with money, neither hast thou satisfied Me with the fat of thy sacrifices; but thou hast burdened Me with thy sins, thou hast wearied Me with thine iniquities.

<!-- fold The tree, 35 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:burdened:x2:1
# text = Thou hast bought Me no sweet cane with money, neither hast thou satisfied Me with the fat of thy sacrifices; but thou hast burdened Me with thy sins, thou hast wearied Me with thine iniquities.
1	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hast	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
4	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	7	det	_	_
6	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cane	cane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	12	cc:preconj	_	_
12	hast	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	nsubj	_	_
14	satisfied	satisfy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	ccomp	_	_
15	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	sacrifices	sacrifice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
23	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	25	nsubj	_	_
25	hast	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
26	burdened	burden	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	ccomp	_	_
27	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	_
28	with	with	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	sins	sin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	33	nsubj	_	_
33	hast	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	conj	_	_
34	wearied	weary	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	ccomp	_	_
35	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	34	obj	_	_
36	with	with	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	iniquities	iniquity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Thou |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **buy** | past | Thou *not said here* | no sweet cane | Me |  |  | with money | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary cane=Theme |
| 3 | **have** | present | Thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **satisfy** | past | thou | Me |  |  |  | with the fat of thy sacrifices | vn satisfy-55.7 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent i=Theme with fat=Instrument |
| 5 | **have** | present | thou |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **burden** | past | thou *not said here* |  | Me |  |  | with thy sins | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient with sin=Theme |
| 7 | **have** | present | thou |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **weary** | past | thou *not said here* | Me |  |  |  | with thine iniquities | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer |
| 9 | **sacrifice** |  | thy |  |  |  |  |  | nom sacrifice «act transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.43.24, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:burdened:x2:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.43.24, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.43.24	ISA.43.24	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hikers were burdened with heavy backpacks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:burdened:x3:1
# text = The hikers were burdened with heavy backpacks.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hikers	hiker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	burdened	burden	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	backpacks	backpack	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burden** | past · passive |  | the hikers |  |  |  | with heavy backpacks | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP»: subject=Recipient with backpack=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He felt burdened by the secret.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:burdened:x4:1
# text = He felt burdened by the secret.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	burdened	burden	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	secret	secret	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **burden** | participle | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by the secret | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Families can be burdened with debt.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:burdened:x5:1
# text = Families can be burdened with debt.
1	Families	family	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	burdened	burden	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	debt	debt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burden** | can · passive |  | Families |  |  |  | with debt | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP»: subject=Recipient with debt=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The camel was burdened with goods for the market.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:burdened:x6:1
# text = The camel was burdened with goods for the market.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	camel	camel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	burdened	burden	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	4	obl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	market	market	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burden** | past · passive |  | the camel |  |  |  | with goods; for the market | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP»: subject=Recipient with goods=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was burdened with too much work.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:burdened:x7:1
# text = She was burdened with too much work.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	burdened	burden	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	too	too	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burden** | past · passive |  | She |  |  |  | with much work | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP»: subject=Recipient with work=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't feel burdened; we'll help you.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:burdened:x8:1
# text = Don't feel burdened; we'll help you.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	feel	feel	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	burdened	burden	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
6	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **feel** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **burden** | participle | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **help** | future | we |  | you |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old tree was burdened by snow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:burdened:x9:1
# text = The old tree was burdened by snow.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	burdened	burden	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burden** | past · passive | snow | the old tree |  |  |  |  | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Recipient |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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