---
title: calve — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «calve» in the Judaism dictionary: To give birth to a calf. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/C/calve/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/) / [C](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/C/) / calve

# calve

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** thou, hinds, voice, cow, glacier, We · **What happens:** give, have, break off, fall, mark, calve · **To what, where:** birth, calf, big piece, sea, hinds, forests · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«calve» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [calve in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/calve.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: of a cow, whale, elephant and some other animals — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To give birth to a calf.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:calve:m1:1
# text = To give birth to a calf.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	give	give	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	birth	birth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	calf	calf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | to-infinitive |  | birth | a calf |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent birth=Theme to calf=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: of a glacier or iceberg — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To have a big piece of ice break off and fall into the sea.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:calve:m2:1
# text = To have a big piece of ice break off and fall into the sea.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	break	break	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	off	off	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
12	into	into	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | to-infinitive |  | a big piece of ice |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent piece=Patient |
| 2 | **break off** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **fall** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | into the sea *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into sea=Result |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Or canst thou mark when the hinds do calve? (Writings JOB.39.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Or canst thou mark when the hinds do calve?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:calve:x1:1
# text = Or canst thou mark when the hinds do calve?
1	Or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	canst	can	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
4	mark	mark	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hinds	hind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
8	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	calve	calve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mark** | can | thou |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **calve** | present · do-support | the hinds |  |  |  |  |  | vn calve-28.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.39.1, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:calve:x1:2
# text = (Writings JOB.39.1, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.39.1	JOB.39.1	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The voice of the LORD maketh the hinds to calve, and strippeth the forests bare; and in His temple all say: 'Glory.' (Writings PSA.29.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The voice of the LORD maketh the hinds to calve, and strippeth the forests bare; and in His temple all say: 'Glory.'

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:calve:x2:1
# text = The voice of the LORD maketh the hinds to calve, and strippeth the forests bare; and in His temple all say: 'Glory.'
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	maketh	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hinds	hind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	calve	calve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	strippeth	strip	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	forests	forest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	bare	bare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	temple	temple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
22	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	23	advmod	_	_
23	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
25	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	Glory	glory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the voice of the LORD | the hinds |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset hind=Product |
| 2 | **calve** | to-infinitive | the voice of the LORD *not said here* | the hinds *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn calve-28.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **strip** | present | the voice of the LORD *not said here* | the forests |  |  |  | bare *property* | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent forest=Patient |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | present |  |  |  | voice's temple |  |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent in temple=Manner |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.29.9, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:calve:x2:2
# text = (Writings PSA.29.9, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.29.9	PSA.29.9	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cow is due to calve next week.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:calve:x3:1
# text = The cow is due to calve next week.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cow	cow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	due	due	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	calve	calve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the cow |  |  |  |  | due *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **calve** | to-infinitive | the cow *not said here* |  |  |  | week |  | vn calve-28.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Most of the cows calved in March.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:calve:x4:1
# text = Most of the cows calved in March.
1	Most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
5	calved	calve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	March	March	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **calve** | participle |  | the cows *not said here* |  |  | march |  | vn calve-28.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The glacier calved a huge iceberg into the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:calve:x5:1
# text = The glacier calved a huge iceberg into the sea.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	glacier	glacier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	calved	calve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	iceberg	iceberg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **calve** | past | the glacier | a huge iceberg |  | the sea |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We watched a video of ice calving into the ocean.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:calve:x6:1
# text = We watched a video of ice calving into the ocean.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	watched	watch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	video	video	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	calving	calve	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	ocean	ocean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch** | past | We | a video of ice |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent video=Theme |
| 2 | **calve** | gerund | ice *not said here* |  |  | the ocean |  |  | vn calve-28.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Elephants calve about every four or five years.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:calve:x7:1
# text = Elephants calve about every four or five years.
1	Elephants	elephant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	calve	calve	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	conj	_	_
8	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **calve** | present | Elephants |  |  |  | year |  | vn calve-28.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farmer stayed up all night while the cow calved.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:calve:x8:1
# text = The farmer stayed up all night while the cow calved.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cow	cow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
10	calved	calve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay up** | past | the farmer |  |  |  | night |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **calve** | participle |  | the cow *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn calve-28.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As soon as they have calved, I shall sell the calves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:calve:x9:1
# text = As soon as they have calved, I shall sell the calves.
1	As	as	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	10	advmod	_	_
3	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	calved	calve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	sell	sell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	calves	calf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **calve** | present · perfect | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn calve-28.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **sell** | shall | I | the calves |  |  |  | soon *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent calf=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [calque](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/C/calque/)
- next →: [camel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/C/camel/)
- ↑ back to [C in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/C/)