---
title: captive — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «captive» in the Judaism dictionary: A captive is a person or animal that has been caught and is kept somewhere and not allowed to leave. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# captive

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** captive, captive audience, they, Asshur, wealth, all · **What happens:** be, catch, keep, not allow, leave, mean · **To what, where:** person, that, thee, wives, house, Jacob · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«captive» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [captive in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/captive.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A captive is a person or animal that has been caught and is kept somewhere and not allowed to leave.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:m1:1
# text = A captive is a person or animal that has been caught and is kept somewhere and not allowed to leave.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	captive	captive	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	caught	catch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	parataxis	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
15	somewhere	somewhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	14	advmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
18	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	conj	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a captive | a person or animal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **catch** | present · perfect · passive |  | that |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **keep** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | somewhere *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP» |
| 4 | **not** **allow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Causer clause=Eventuality |
| 5 | **leave** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Captive means kept and not free: captive animals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:m2:1
# text = Captive means kept and not free: captive animals.
1	Captive	captive	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	captive	captive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Captive |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **keep** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A captive audience must listen because they cannot leave.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:m3:1
# text = A captive audience must listen because they cannot leave.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	captive	captive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	audience	audience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	listen	listen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **listen** | must | a captive audience |  |  |  |  |  | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **leave** | can | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Asshur shall carry thee away captive. (Torah NUM.24.22, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Asshur shall carry thee away captive.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x1:1
# text = Asshur shall carry thee away captive.
1	Asshur	Asshur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	obj	_	_
5	away	away	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	captive	captive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry away** | shall | Asshur | thee |  |  |  | away, captive *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah NUM.24.22, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x1:2
# text = (Torah NUM.24.22, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	NUM.24.22	NUM.24.22	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and all their wealth, and all their little ones and their wives, took they captive and spoiled, even all that was in the house. (Torah GEN.34.29, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* and all their wealth, and all their little ones and their wives, took they captive and spoiled, even all that was in the house.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x2:1
# text = and all their wealth, and all their little ones and their wives, took they captive and spoiled, even all that was in the house.
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
2	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	4	det:predet	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	wealth	wealth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	10	det:predet	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	appos	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	wives	wife	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
15	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	captive	captive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	spoiled	spoiled	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
21	even	even	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
22	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	27	nsubj	_	_
23	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	27	nsubj	_	_
24	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | their wealth | wives *= wife* |  |  |  | captive *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | all |  |  | the house |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.34.29, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x2:2
# text = (Torah GEN.34.29, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.34.29	GEN.34.29	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Laban said to Jacob: 'What hast thou done, that thou hast outwitted me, and carried away my daughters as though captives of the sword? (Torah GEN.31.26, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Laban said to Jacob: 'What hast thou done, that thou hast outwitted me, and carried away my daughters as though captives of the sword?

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x3:1
# text = And Laban said to Jacob: 'What hast thou done, that thou hast outwitted me, and carried away my daughters as though captives of the sword?
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Laban	Laban	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	9	obj	_	_
9	hast	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	obj	_	_
11	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	outwitted	outwit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
17	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
21	away	away	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
22	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	daughters	daughter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
24	as	as	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
25	though	though	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	captives	captive	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Laban |  | Jacob |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to jacob=Recipient |
| 2 | **have** | present | Laban *not said here* | thou |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | participle | thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **outwit** | present · perfect · passive |  | that |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **carry away** | past | Laban *not said here* | my daughters |  |  |  | though captives of the sword; away *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent daughter=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.31.26, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x3:2
# text = (Torah GEN.31.26, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.31.26	GEN.31.26	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So Judah was carried away captive out of his land. (Prophets 2KI.25.21, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* So Judah was carried away captive out of his land.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x4:1
# text = So Judah was carried away captive out of his land.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	carried	carry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	away	away	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	captive	captive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry away** | past · passive |  | Judah |  |  |  | away, captive *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 2KI.25.21, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x4:2
# text = (Prophets 2KI.25.21, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	2KI.25.21	2KI.25.21	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For again the Edomites had come and smitten Judah, and carried away captives. (Writings 2CH.28.17, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* For again the Edomites had come and smitten Judah, and carried away captives.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x5:1
# text = For again the Edomites had come and smitten Judah, and carried away captives.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	again	again	ADV	RB	_	6	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Edomites	Edomite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	smitten	smite	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
9	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
13	away	away	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	captives	captive	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past · perfect | the Edomites |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **smite** | participle | the Edomites *not said here* | Judah |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus judah=Experiencer |
| 3 | **carry away** | past | the Edomites *not said here* | captives |  |  |  | away *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent captive=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings 2CH.28.17, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x5:2
# text = (Writings 2CH.28.17, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	2CH.28.17	2CH.28.17	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He made them also to be pitied of all those that carried them captive. (Writings PSA.106.46, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* He made them also to be pitied of all those that carried them captive.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x6:1
# text = He made them also to be pitied of all those that carried them captive.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	pitied	pity	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	obl	_	_
9	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	10	det:predet	_	_
10	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	7	obl:agent	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	captive	captive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | He | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Product |
| 2 | **pity** | to-infinitive · passive | those |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **carry** | past |  | them *= they* |  |  |  | captive *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.106.46, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x6:2
# text = (Writings PSA.106.46, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.106.46	PSA.106.46	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pirates took the sailors captive.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x7:1
# text = The pirates took the sailors captive.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pirates	pirate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sailors	sailor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	captive	captive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | the pirates | the sailors |  |  |  | captive *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sailor=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The prince was held captive in a tower.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x8:1
# text = The prince was held captive in a tower.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	captive	captive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | past · passive |  | the prince |  | a tower |  | captive *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in tower=Location |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Captive pandas are bred in zoos to save the species.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x9:1
# text = Captive pandas are bred in zoos to save the species.
1	Captive	captive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	pandas	panda	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	bred	breed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	zoos	zoo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	save	save	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breed** | present · passive |  | Captive pandas |  | zoos |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **save** | to-infinitive |  | the species |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent species=Theme |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The captives escaped at night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x10:1
# text = The captives escaped at night.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	captives	captive	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	escaped	escape	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **escape** | past | the captives |  |  |  | night |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On the long bus ride, Dad had a captive audience for his jokes.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x11:1
# text = On the long bus ride, Dad had a captive audience for his jokes.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	ride	ride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	captive	captive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	audience	audience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	jokes	joke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Dad | a captive audience |  | the long bus ride |  | for Dad's jokes | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent audience=Patient |
| 2 | **joke** |  | Dad |  |  |  |  |  | nom joke «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Bible tells of the Israelites held captive in Babylon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x12:1
# text = The Bible tells of the Israelites held captive in Babylon.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Israelites	Israelite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
8	captive	captive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | the Bible |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **hold** | past | the Israelites |  |  |  |  | captive *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Among his captives was a Persian princess, to whom he was warmly attached.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:captive:x13:1
# text = Among his captives was a Persian princess, to whom he was warmly attached.
1	Among	among	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	captives	captive	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Persian	persian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	appos	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
13	warmly	warmly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	attached	attach	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | a Persian princess |  |  |  | among his captives | tree rules |
| 2 | **attach** | past · passive |  | he |  |  |  | warmly *property* | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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