---
title: circumcision — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «circumcision» in the Judaism dictionary: the act of cutting off the foreskin of a boy or man. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# circumcision

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** act, she, Covenant, Hebrew word, MLH · **What happens:** cut off, say, regard, be, make, note · **To what, where:** foreskin, circumcision, outward sign, Divine promise, Abraham, Mulah · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«circumcision» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [circumcision in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/circumcision.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
the act of cutting off the foreskin of a boy or man.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:circumcision:m1:1
# text = the act of cutting off the foreskin of a boy or man.
1	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	cutting	cut	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	foreskin	foreskin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut off** | gerund | the act *not said here* | the foreskin of a boy or man |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector foreskin=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then she said: 'A bridegroom of blood in regard of the circumcision.' (Torah EXO.4.26, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Then she said: 'A bridegroom of blood in regard of the circumcision.'

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:circumcision:x1:1
# text = Then she said: 'A bridegroom of blood in regard of the circumcision.'
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bridegroom	bridegroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	regard	regard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	circumcision	circumcision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | she |  |  |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **regard** |  |  | the circumcision |  |  |  |  | nom regard «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.4.26, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:circumcision:x1:2
# text = (Torah EXO.4.26, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.4.26	EXO.4.26	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Covenant of Circumcision was to be an outward and visible sign of the Divine promise made to Abraham and his offspring. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The Covenant of Circumcision was to be an outward and visible sign of the Divine promise made to Abraham and his offspring.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:circumcision:x2:1
# text = The Covenant of Circumcision was to be an outward and visible sign of the Divine promise made to Abraham and his offspring.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Covenant	Covenant	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Circumcision	Circumcision	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	cop	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
9	outward	outward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	visible	visible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	_
12	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	Divine	divine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	promise	promise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
17	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	acl	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Abraham	Abraham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	offspring	offspring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the Covenant of Circumcision | a outward sign |  |  |  | of the Divine promise | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | the Divine promise *not said here* | Abraham and Circumcision's offspring |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:circumcision:x2:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Hebrew word for circumcision is Mulah, MULH : note that MLH is also synonymous with DBR, dabar, — verbum or word. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The Hebrew word for circumcision is Mulah, MULH : note that MLH is also synonymous with DBR, dabar, — verbum or word.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:circumcision:x3:1
# text = The Hebrew word for circumcision is Mulah, MULH : note that MLH is also synonymous with DBR, dabar, — verbum or word.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Hebrew	hebrew	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	circumcision	circumcision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	Mulah	Mulah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	MULH	MULH	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
11	note	note	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	MLH	MLH	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	also	also	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	synonymous	synonymous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	ccomp	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	DBR	DBR	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	dabar	dabar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
23	verbum	verbum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Hebrew word for circumcision | Mulah and MULH |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **note** | infinitive | the Hebrew word for circumcision *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | MLH |  |  |  |  | with DBR and dabar; synonymous *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:circumcision:x3:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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