---
title: cleave — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cleave» in the Judaism dictionary: To split or cut right through something with a heavy blow: cleave the wood with an axe. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cleave

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** ye, man, father, soul, Thou, I · **What happens:** split, cut, cleave, stick, be, leave · **To what, where:** wood, alive one, father, one flesh, daughter, damsel · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«cleave» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cleave in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/cleave.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To split or cut right through something with a heavy blow: cleave the wood with an axe.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cleave:m1:1
# text = To split or cut right through something with a heavy blow: cleave the wood with an axe.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	split	split	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	cut	cut	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	right	right	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	through	through	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	blow	blow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
13	cleave	cleave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	axe	axe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **split** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **cut** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | through something; right *property* | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent through something=Patient |
| 3 | **cleave** | infinitive |  | the wood |  |  |  | with a axe | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent wood=Patient with axe=Instrument |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To stick firmly to something: cleave to the truth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cleave:m2:1
# text = To stick firmly to something: cleave to the truth.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	stick	stick	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	firmly	firmly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	cleave	cleave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stick** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | to something; firmly *property* | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent to something=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **cleave** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | to the truth *result* | vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient to truth=Result |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But ye that did cleave unto the LORD your God are alive every one of you this day. (Torah DEU.4.4, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* But ye that did cleave unto the LORD your God are alive every one of you this day.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cleave:x1:1
# text = But ye that did cleave unto the LORD your God are alive every one of you this day.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	cleave	cleave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	amod	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	14	det	_	_
14	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nmod	_	_
17	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	det	_	_
18	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cleave** | past · do-support | ye | every alive one of you |  |  | day | unto your LORD God | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | alive *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.4.4, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cleave:x1:2
# text = (Torah DEU.4.4, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.4.4	DEU.4.4	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife, and they shall be one flesh. (Torah GEN.2.24, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife, and they shall be one flesh.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cleave:x2:1
# text = Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife, and they shall be one flesh.
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	cleave	cleave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
15	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
20	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
21	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
22	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	cop	_	_
23	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	24	nummod	_	_
24	flesh	flesh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | shall | a man | man's father and man's mother |  |  |  | therefore *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent father=Theme |
| 2 | **cleave** | shall | a man *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto man's wife | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **is a** | shall | father | one flesh |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.2.24, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cleave:x2:2
# text = (Torah GEN.2.24, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.2.24	GEN.2.24	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And his soul did cleave unto Dinah the daughter of Jacob, and he loved the damsel, and spoke comfortingly unto the damsel. (Torah GEN.34.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And his soul did cleave unto Dinah the daughter of Jacob, and he loved the damsel, and spoke comfortingly unto the damsel.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cleave:x3:1
# text = And his soul did cleave unto Dinah the daughter of Jacob, and he loved the damsel, and spoke comfortingly unto the damsel.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	cleave	cleave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Dinah	Dinah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	loved	love	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	damsel	damsel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
21	comfortingly	comfortingly	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
22	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	damsel	damsel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cleave** | past · do-support | his soul | the daughter of Jacob |  |  |  | unto Dinah | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent daughter=Patient |
| 2 | **love** | past | soul | the damsel |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer damsel=Stimulus |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | soul *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto the damsel; comfortingly *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.34.3, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cleave:x3:2
# text = (Torah GEN.34.3, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.34.3	GEN.34.3	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thou dost cleave the earth with rivers. (Prophets HAB.3.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Thou dost cleave the earth with rivers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cleave:x4:1
# text = Thou dost cleave the earth with rivers.
1	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	2	nsubj	_	_
2	dost	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	cleave	cleave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | Thou | the earth |  |  |  | with rivers | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent earth=Eventuality |
| 2 | **cleave** | present | Thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets HAB.3.9, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cleave:x4:2
# text = (Prophets HAB.3.9, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	HAB.3.9	HAB.3.9	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thou didst cleave fountain and brook; Thou driedst up ever-flowing rivers. (Writings PSA.74.15, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Thou didst cleave fountain and brook; Thou driedst up ever-flowing rivers.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cleave:x5:1
# text = Thou didst cleave fountain and brook; Thou driedst up ever-flowing rivers.
1	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	2	nsubj	_	_
2	didst	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	cleave	cleave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
4	fountain	fountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	brook	brook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	nsubj	_	_
9	driedst	dry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	flowing	flow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
14	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | Thou |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cleave** | infinitive | Thou *not said here* | fountain and brook |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fountain=Patient |
| 3 | **dry up** | past | Thou |  |  |  | ever |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **flow** | gerund | Thou *not said here* | rivers |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location river=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.74.15, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cleave:x5:2
# text = (Writings PSA.74.15, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.74.15	PSA.74.15	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I cleave unto Thy testimonies; O LORD, put me not to shame. (Writings PSA.119.31, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* I cleave unto Thy testimonies; O LORD, put me not to shame.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cleave:x6:1
# text = I cleave unto Thy testimonies; O LORD, put me not to shame.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cleave	cleave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	testimonies	testimony	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
7	O	of	ADP	IN	Abbr=Yes	8	case	_	_
8	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
10	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
11	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	shame	shame	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cleave** | present | I |  |  |  |  | unto Thy testimonies | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **put** | past |  |  | me |  |  | of LORD | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent i=Goal |
| 3 | **not** **shame** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **testify** |  | Thy |  |  |  |  |  | nom testimony «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.119.31, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cleave:x6:2
# text = (Writings PSA.119.31, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.119.31	PSA.119.31	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The knight cried, «Cleave him to the brisket!»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cleave:x7:1
# text = The knight cried, «Cleave him to the brisket!»
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Cleave	cleave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	brisket	brisket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | the knight |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **cleave** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | knight |  |  |  | to the brisket *result* | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent he=Patient to brisket=Result |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The axe cleaved the log in two.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cleave:x8:1
# text = The axe cleaved the log in two.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	axe	axe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	cleaved	cleave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	log	log	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cleave** | past | the axe | the log |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent log=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In old tales the hero could cleave a rock with one blow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cleave:x9:1
# text = In old tales the hero could cleave a rock with one blow.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hero	hero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	cleave	cleave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	blow	blow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cleave** | could | the hero | a rock |  | old tales |  | with one blow | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent rock=Patient with blow=Instrument |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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