---
title: commotion — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «commotion» in the Judaism dictionary: A commotion is a lot of sudden noise, confusion and excitement. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# commotion

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** commotion, Hark, great commotion, cities, I, bones · **What happens:** be, come, make, desolate, prophesy, command · **To what, where:** lot, cities, dwelling place, I, noise, bone · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«commotion» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [commotion in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/commotion.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A commotion is a lot of sudden noise, confusion and excitement.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:commotion:m1:1
# text = A commotion is a lot of sudden noise, confusion and excitement.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	commotion	commotion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	confusion	confusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	excitement	excitement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a commotion | a lot |  |  |  | of sudden noise and confusion and excitement | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hark! a report, behold, it cometh, and a great commotion out of the north country, to make the cities of Judah desolate, a dwelling-place of jackals. (Prophets JER.10.22, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Hark! a report, behold, it cometh, and a great commotion out of the north country, to make the cities of Judah desolate, a dwelling-place of jackals.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:commotion:x1:1
# text = Hark! a report, behold, it cometh, and a great commotion out of the north country, to make the cities of Judah desolate, a dwelling-place of jackals.
1	Hark	Hark	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	report	report	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
6	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	9	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	cometh	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	commotion	commotion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
15	out	out	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
27	desolate	desolate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
30	dwelling	dwelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	jackals	jackal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Hark |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | a great commotion out the north country | the cities of Judah |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **desolate** | infinitive | the cities of Judah *not said here* | a dwelling place of jackals |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JER.10.22, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:commotion:x1:2
# text = (Prophets JER.10.22, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JER.10.22	JER.10.22	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So I prophesied as I was commanded; and as I prophesied, there was a noise, and behold a commotion, and the bones came together, bone to its bone. (Prophets EZK.37.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* So I prophesied as I was commanded; and as I prophesied, there was a noise, and behold a commotion, and the bones came together, bone to its bone.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:commotion:x2:1
# text = So I prophesied as I was commanded; and as I prophesied, there was a noise, and behold a commotion, and the bones came together, bone to its bone.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	prophesied	prophesy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	commanded	command	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	prophesied	prophesy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
14	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	15	expl	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	22	discourse	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	commotion	commotion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj	_	_
27	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
28	together	together	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
31	to	to	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prophesy** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **command** | past · passive |  | I |  |  |  |  | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **prophesy** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** | past | I *not said here* | a noise |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **come together** | past | the bones | bone to commotion's bone |  |  |  | together *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets EZK.37.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:commotion:x2:2
# text = (Prophets EZK.37.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZK.37.7	EZK.37.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was a commotion in the corridor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:commotion:x3:1
# text = There was a commotion in the corridor.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	commotion	commotion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	corridor	corridor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a commotion in the corridor |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What is all this commotion about?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:commotion:x4:1
# text = What is all this commotion about?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	5	det:predet	_	_
4	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	commotion	commotion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | all commotion |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fox caused a commotion in the henhouse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:commotion:x5:1
# text = The fox caused a commotion in the henhouse.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	commotion	commotion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	henhouse	henhouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | the fox | a commotion |  | the henhouse |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition commotion=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A commotion broke out when the dog ran on the pitch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:commotion:x6:1
# text = A commotion broke out when the dog ran on the pitch.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	commotion	commotion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	pitch	pitch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break out** | past | a commotion |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **run** | past | the dog |  |  | the pitch |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on pitch=Trajectory |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toad's motor car made a commotion in the village.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:commotion:x7:1
# text = Toad's motor car made a commotion in the village.
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	motor	motor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	commotion	commotion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Toad's motor car | a commotion |  | the village |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material commotion=Product |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We heard a commotion outside.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:commotion:x8:1
# text = We heard a commotion outside.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	commotion	commotion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	outside	outside	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | We | a commotion |  |  |  | outside *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer commotion=Stimulus |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The absence of the Princess caused a great commotion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:commotion:x9:1
# text = The absence of the Princess caused a great commotion.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	absence	absence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Princess	Princess	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	commotion	commotion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | the absence of the Princess | a great commotion |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition commotion=Patient |
| 2 | **absent** |  |  | the Princess |  |  |  |  | nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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