---
title: confounded — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «confounded» in the Judaism dictionary: Confounded means very puzzled or confused. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# confounded

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** plan, one, harmonious one, fire, Pythagorean, They · **What happens:** confound, mean, use, show, be, confuse · **To what, where:** annoyance, annoying, someone, them, two things, Eins · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«confounded» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [confounded in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/confounded.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Confounded means very puzzled or confused.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:m1:1
# text = Confounded means very puzzled or confused.
1	Confounded	confound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	puzzled	puzzled	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	confused	confused	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confound** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | puzzled *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old-fashioned, mild swearing — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Confounded is used to show annoyance, meaning «annoying» or «wretched»: «this confounded rain».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:m2:1
# text = Confounded is used to show annoyance, meaning «annoying» or «wretched»: «this confounded rain».
1	Confounded	confound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	mark	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
6	annoyance	annoyance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	annoying	annoying	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	wretched	wretched	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	20	det	_	_
19	confounded	confound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	amod	_	_
20	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confound** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **use** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **show** | to-infinitive |  | annoyance |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent annoyance=Recipient |
| 4 | **mean** | gerund |  | annoying |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent annoying=Topic |
| 5 | **confound** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To confound someone is to surprise and confuse them; to confound a plan or prediction is to prove it wrong.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:m3:1
# text = To confound someone is to surprise and confuse them; to confound a plan or prediction is to prove it wrong.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	confound	confound	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	surprise	surprise	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	confuse	confuse	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	confound	confound	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	prediction	prediction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	prove	prove	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	ccomp	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confound** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus someone=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | surprise *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **confuse** | infinitive |  | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 4 | **confound** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **is** | present | a plan or prediction |  |  |  |  | prove, wrong *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To confound two things is to mix them up and think one is the other.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:m4:1
# text = To confound two things is to mix them up and think one is the other.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	confound	confound	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	mix	mix	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	think	think	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
12	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confound** | to-infinitive |  | two things |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus thing=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | mix *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **think** *speech: other* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | one |  |  |  |  | other *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The harmonious one (zusammengefuegtes Eins) was confounded with the plain one and thus fire came to be regarded as the Pythagorean first material element.. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The harmonious one (zusammengefuegtes Eins) was confounded with the plain one and thus fire came to be regarded as the Pythagorean first material element..

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:x1:1
# text = The harmonious one (zusammengefuegtes Eins) was confounded with the plain one and thus fire came to be regarded as the Pythagorean first material element..
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	harmonious	harmonious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	zusammengefuegtes	zusammengefuegte	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	Eins	Eins	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	confounded	confound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	plain	plain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
16	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	regarded	regard	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	advcl	_	_
21	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
23	Pythagorean	Pythagorean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
24	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	26	amod	_	_
25	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	element	element	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	..	..	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **zusammengefuegte** | present | the harmonious one *not said here* | Eins |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **confound** | past · passive |  | the harmonious one |  |  |  | with the plain one | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 3 | **come** | past | fire |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **regard** | to-infinitive · passive | fire *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP» |
| 5 | **element** |  | Pythagorean |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:x1:2
# text = (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were ashamed because they had hoped; they came thither, and were confounded. (Writings JOB.6.20, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* They were ashamed because they had hoped; they came thither, and were confounded.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:x2:1
# text = They were ashamed because they had hoped; they came thither, and were confounded.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	ashamed	ashamed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	hoped	hope	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
11	thither	thither	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	confounded	confound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | They |  |  |  |  | ashamed *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **hope** | past · perfect · passive |  | they |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **come** | past | they |  |  |  |  | thither *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **confound** | past · passive | they *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.6.20, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:x2:2
# text = (Writings JOB.6.20, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.6.20	JOB.6.20	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We are greatly confounded, because we have forsaken the land, because our dwellings have cast us out.' (Prophets JER.9.18, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* We are greatly confounded, because we have forsaken the land, because our dwellings have cast us out.'

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:x3:1
# text = We are greatly confounded, because we have forsaken the land, because our dwellings have cast us out.'
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	greatly	greatly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	confounded	confound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	forsaken	forsake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	parataxis	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
14	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	dwellings	dwelling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	cast	cast	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
18	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	out	out	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confound** | present · passive |  | We |  |  |  | greatly *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **forsake** | present · perfect | we | the land |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **cast out** | present · perfect · passive |  | our dwellings |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP PP»: subject=Beneficiary we=Product |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JER.9.18, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:x3:2
# text = (Prophets JER.9.18, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JER.9.18	JER.9.18	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They shall be ashamed, yea, confounded, all of them; they shall go in confusion together that are makers of idols. (Prophets ISA.45.16, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* They shall be ashamed, yea, confounded, all of them; they shall go in confusion together that are makers of idols.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:x4:1
# text = They shall be ashamed, yea, confounded, all of them; they shall go in confusion together that are makers of idols.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
4	ashamed	ashamed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	confounded	confound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	confusion	confusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
19	together	together	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
21	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	makers	maker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	parataxis	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	idols	idol	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | shall | They |  |  |  |  | ashamed *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **confound** | participle | They *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **go** | shall | they |  |  | confusion |  | together *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in confusion=Location |
| 4 | **is a** | present | that | makers |  |  |  | of idols | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.45.16, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:x4:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.45.16, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.45.16	ISA.45.16	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The puzzle left everyone confounded.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:x5:1
# text = The puzzle left everyone confounded.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	puzzle	puzzle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	3	obj	_	_
5	confounded	confound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | the puzzle | everyone |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everyone=Theme |
| 2 | **confound** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«That confounded motor car!» shouted the old man.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:x6:1
# text = «That confounded motor car!» shouted the old man.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
3	confounded	confound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
4	motor	motor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	shouted	shout	VERB	VBD	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confound** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **car** *in a quote* |  | That |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **shout** *speech: express* | past | the old man |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The result confounded the experts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:x7:1
# text = The result confounded the experts.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	confounded	confound	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	experts	expert	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confound** | past | the result | the experts |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus expert=Experiencer |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Confound it, I've lost my keys!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:x8:1
# text = Confound it, I've lost my keys!
1	Confound	confound	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	've	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	1	parataxis	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	keys	key	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confound** | imperative | you *not said here* | it |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus it=Experiencer |
| 2 | **lose** | present · perfect | I | my keys |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent key=Eventuality |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toad cursed the confounded washerwoman's dress.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:x9:1
# text = Toad cursed the confounded washerwoman's dress.
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cursed	curse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	confounded	confound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	washerwoman	washerwoman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	dress	dress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **curse** | past | Toad | the confounded washerwoman's dress |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dress=Theme |
| 2 | **confound** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The magician's trick confounded the audience.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:x10:1
# text = The magician's trick confounded the audience.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	magician	magician	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	trick	trick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	confounded	confound	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	audience	audience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confound** | past | the magician's trick | the audience |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus audience=Experiencer |
| 2 | **trick** |  | the magician |  |  |  |  |  | nom trick «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Kow" must not be confounded with the more prosaic animal with a "C."

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:confounded:x11:1
# text = "Kow" must not be confounded with the more prosaic animal with a "C."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Kow	Kow	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	confounded	confound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	11	advmod	_	_
11	prosaic	prosaic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	C.	c.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **confound** | must · passive |  | Kow |  |  |  | with the prosaic animal with a C. | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [confound](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/C/confound/)
- next →: [confront](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/C/confront/)
- ↑ back to [C in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/C/)