---
title: councillor — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «councillor» in the Judaism dictionary: A person elected to sit on a council, especially a town, city or local council, to make decisions for the area. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# councillor

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** all, local councillor, you, councillors, aunt, school councillors · **What happens:** elect, sit, make, ride, come, open · **To what, where:** person, council, decisions, handsome young men, new playground, I

<!-- .vabout -->
«councillor» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [councillor in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/councillor.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person elected to sit on a council, especially a town, city or local council, to make decisions for the area.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:councillor:m1:1
# text = A person elected to sit on a council, especially a town, city or local council, to make decisions for the area.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	elected	elect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	sit	sit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
21	decisions	decision	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
22	for	for	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **elect** | participle |  | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sit** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | a council and a town |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on council=Location |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | decisions |  |  |  | for the area | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent decision=Product for area=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: more general — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A member of any council, such as a school council: «a school councillor».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:councillor:m2:1
# text = A member of any council, such as a school council: «a school councillor».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	member	member	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	11	case	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	councillor	councillor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
the Babylonians and all the Chaldeans, Pekod and Shoa and Koa, and all the Assyrians with them, handsome young men, governors and rulers all of them, captains and councillors, all of them riding upon horses. (Prophets EZK.23.23, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* the Babylonians and all the Chaldeans, Pekod and Shoa and Koa, and all the Assyrians with them, handsome young men, governors and rulers all of them, captains and councillors, all of them riding upon horses.

<!-- fold The tree, 35 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:councillor:x1:1
# text = the Babylonians and all the Chaldeans, Pekod and Shoa and Koa, and all the Assyrians with them, handsome young men, governors and rulers all of them, captains and councillors, all of them riding upon horses.
1	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Babylonians	Babylonian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	6	det:predet	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Chaldeans	Chaldean	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
8	Pekod	Pekod	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	Shoa	Shoa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	Koa	Koa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	17	det:predet	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Assyrians	Assyrian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
21	handsome	handsome	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
22	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	governors	governor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	conj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	rulers	ruler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	conj	_	_
28	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	27	nmod	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	captains	captain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	conj	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	councillors	councillor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
36	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	39	nsubj	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	nmod	_	_
39	riding	ride	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	acl	_	_
40	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	23	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ride** | gerund | all | handsome young men and governors and rulers  all and captains and councillors *not said here* |  |  |  | upon horses | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets EZK.23.23, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:councillor:x1:2
# text = (Prophets EZK.23.23, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZK.23.23	EZK.23.23	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our local councillor came to open the new playground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:councillor:x2:1
# text = Our local councillor came to open the new playground.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	councillor	councillor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	open	open	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	playground	playground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Our local councillor |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **open** | to-infinitive | Our local councillor *not said here* | the new playground |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location playground=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I was voted school councillor for my class.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:councillor:x3:1
# text = I was voted school councillor for my class.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	voted	vote	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	councillor	councillor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **vote** | past · passive |  | I |  |  |  | for my class *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: subject=Theme for class=Goal |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write to your councillor about the potholes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:councillor:x4:1
# text = Write to your councillor about the potholes.
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	councillor	councillor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	potholes	pothole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | imperative | you *not said here* |  | your councillor |  |  | about the potholes | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V PP.recipient PP.topic»: agent=Agent to councillor=Recipient about pothole=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The councillors voted to build a new library.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:councillor:x5:1
# text = The councillors voted to build a new library.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	councillors	councillor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	voted	vote	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	build	build	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **vote** | past | the councillors |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **build** | to-infinitive | the councillors *not said here* | a new library |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset library=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My aunt is a city councillor in Melbourne.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:councillor:x6:1
# text = My aunt is a city councillor in Melbourne.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	aunt	aunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	councillor	councillor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Melbourne	Melbourne	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My aunt | a city councillor |  | Melbourne |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school councillors asked for more benches in the yard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:councillor:x7:1
# text = The school councillors asked for more benches in the yard.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	councillors	councillor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	benches	bench	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	yard	yard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the school councillors |  |  |  |  | for more benches; in the yard | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A councillor visited our class to talk about democracy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:councillor:x8:1
# text = A councillor visited our class to talk about democracy.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	councillor	councillor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	visited	visit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	about	about	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	democracy	democracy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **visit** | past | a councillor | our class |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent class=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **talk** | to-infinitive | a councillor *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about democracy | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about democracy=Topic |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Councillor stood still, and watched a most strange procession pass by.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:councillor:x9:1
# text = The Councillor stood still, and watched a most strange procession pass by.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Councillor	councillor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	still	still	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	watched	watch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
9	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	10	advmod	_	_
10	strange	strange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	procession	procession	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	pass	pass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | the Councillor |  |  |  | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **watch** | past |  | a strange procession pass |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pass=Theme |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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