---
title: courageous — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «courageous» in the Judaism dictionary: Courageous means brave: willing to do something frightening, difficult or dangerous because it is right. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# courageous

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Courageous, it, he, mighty, ye, Absalom · **What happens:** mean, do, be, flee away, say, keep · **To what, where:** something, LORD, that, book, right hand, servants · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«courageous» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [courageous in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/courageous.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Courageous means brave: willing to do something frightening, difficult or dangerous because it is right.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:courageous:m1:1
# text = Courageous means brave: willing to do something frightening, difficult or dangerous because it is right.
1	Courageous	Courageous	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	brave	brave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
5	willing	willing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	_
9	frightening	frightening	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	difficult	difficult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	_
14	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Courageous |  |  |  |  | brave *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **do** | to-infinitive | Courageous *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |
| 3 | **is** | present | it |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he that is courageous among the mighty shall flee away naked in that day, saith the LORD. (Prophets AMO.2.16, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And he that is courageous among the mighty shall flee away naked in that day, saith the LORD.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:courageous:x1:1
# text = And he that is courageous among the mighty shall flee away naked in that day, saith the LORD.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	courageous	courageous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	among	among	ADP	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	nsubj	_	_
9	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	flee	flee	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
11	away	away	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	naked	naked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	15	det	_	_
15	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | he |  |  |  |  | courageous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **flee away** | shall | the mighty |  |  |  |  | away, naked *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | he *not said here* | the LORD |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent lord=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets AMO.2.16, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:courageous:x1:2
# text = (Prophets AMO.2.16, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	AMO.2.16	AMO.2.16	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Therefore be ye very courageous to keep and to do all that is written in the book of the law of Moses, that ye turn not aside therefrom to the right hand or to the left; (Prophets JOS.23.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 40 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:courageous:x2:1
# text = Therefore be ye very courageous to keep and to do all that is written in the book of the law of Moses, that ye turn not aside therefrom to the right hand or to the left; (Prophets JOS.23.6, JPS 1917)
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
3	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nsubj	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	courageous	courageous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
11	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	14	det:predet	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	advcl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	obj	_	_
25	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	26	nsubj	_	_
26	turn	turn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
27	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	26	advmod	_	_
28	aside	aside	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
29	therefrom	therefrom	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
30	to	to	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
34	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
35	to	to	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	left	left	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	_
39	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	40	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	parataxis	_	_
41	JOS.23.6	JOS.23.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
43	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	41	flat	_	_
44	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	41	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	40	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | infinitive | ye |  |  |  |  | courageous, therefore *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive | ye *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **do** | to-infinitive | ye *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **write** | present · passive |  | that |  | the book of the law of Moses |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in book=Destination |
| 5 | **not** **turn** | present | ye | that |  | the right hand or the left |  | aside, therefrom *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent that=Theme to hand=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Absalom commanded his servants, saying: 'Mark ye now, when Amnon's heart is merry with wine; and when I say unto you: Smite Amnon, then kill him, fear not; have not I commanded you? be courageous, and be valiant.' (Prophets 2SA.13.28, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Absalom commanded his servants, saying: 'Mark ye now, when Amnon's heart is merry with wine; and when I say unto you: Smite Amnon, then kill him, fear not; have not I commanded you? be courageous, and be valiant.'

<!-- fold The tree, 40 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:courageous:x3:1
# text = And Absalom commanded his servants, saying: 'Mark ye now, when Amnon's heart is merry with wine; and when I say unto you: Smite Amnon, then kill him, fear not; have not I commanded you? be courageous, and be valiant.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Absalom	Absalom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	commanded	command	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Mark	Mark	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nmod	_	_
12	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	19	advmod	_	_
15	Amnon	Amnon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	's	's	PART	POS	_	15	case	_	_
17	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	merry	merry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
24	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	26	advmod	_	_
25	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	advcl	_	_
27	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
30	Smite	Smite	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	parataxis	_	_
31	Amnon	Amnon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
33	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	34	advmod	_	_
34	kill	kill	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
35	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
37	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	_
38	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	34	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
40	have	have	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	34	conj	_	_
41	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	43	advmod	_	_
42	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	43	nsubj	_	_
43	commanded	command	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	40	ccomp	_	_
44	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	43	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	47	punct	_	_
46	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	47	cop	_	_
47	courageous	courageous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
49	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	51	cc	_	_
50	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	51	cop	_	_
51	valiant	valiant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	47	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	47	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	47	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **command** | past | Absalom | Absalom's servants |  |  |  |  | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent servant=Eventuality |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Absalom *not said here* | Mark  ye |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent mark=Topic |
| 3 | **is** | present | Amnon's heart |  |  |  |  | with wine; merry *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | I |  |  |  |  | unto you | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **not** **kill** | infinitive |  | Mark |  |  | then | fear *obl* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 6 | **have** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **not** **command** | past | I | you |  |  |  |  | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent you=Theme |
| 8 | **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | courageous *property* | tree rules |
| 9 | **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | valiant *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 2SA.13.28, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:courageous:x3:2
# text = (Prophets 2SA.13.28, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	2SA.13.28	2SA.13.28	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The courageous firefighter ran into the burning house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:courageous:x4:1
# text = The courageous firefighter ran into the burning house.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	courageous	courageous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	firefighter	firefighter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	burning	burning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | the courageous firefighter |  |  |  |  | into the burning house *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into house=Result |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was courageous of Lily to tell the truth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:courageous:x5:1
# text = It was courageous of Lily to tell the truth.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	courageous	courageous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Lily	Lily	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | It |  |  |  |  | of Lily; courageous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  | the truth |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Standing up for the new girl was a courageous thing to do.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:courageous:x6:1
# text = Standing up for the new girl was a courageous thing to do.
1	Standing	stand	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	csubj	_	_
2	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	courageous	courageous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand up** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | for the new girl | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Standing | a courageous thing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The courageous little dog barked at the bear.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:courageous:x7:1
# text = The courageous little dog barked at the bear.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	courageous	courageous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	barked	bark	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bark** | participle |  | the courageous little dog *not said here* |  |  |  | at the bear | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at bear=Stimulus |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She made a courageous decision to try again after falling off her bike.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:courageous:x8:1
# text = She made a courageous decision to try again after falling off her bike.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	courageous	courageous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	decision	decision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	try	try	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	again	again	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
11	off	off	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | She | a courageous decision |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent decision=Product |
| 2 | **try** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | a courageous decision *not said here* |  |  | again |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **fall off** | gerund | She *not said here* | her bike |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient bike=Extent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being courageous doesn't mean you aren't scared.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:courageous:x9:1
# text = Being courageous doesn't mean you aren't scared.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	cop	_	_
2	courageous	courageous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	csubj	_	_
3	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	scared	scared	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | courageous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **mean** | present · do-support |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **is** | present | you |  |  |  |  | scared *property* | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Good fortune gives courage, and Rudy was always courageous.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:courageous:x10:1
# text = Good fortune gives courage, and Rudy was always courageous.
1	Good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	fortune	fortune	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	courage	courage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	Rudy	Rudy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	10	advmod	_	_
10	courageous	courageous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | Good fortune | courage |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent courage=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | Rudy |  |  |  |  | always, courageous *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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