---
title: course — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «course» in the Judaism dictionary: A course is a set of lessons on a subject: «a swimming course». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# course

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** course, main course, something, you, Tears, Hebrew · **What happens:** be, follow, mean, expect, flow, course down · **To what, where:** set, part, pasta, path, direction, area · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«course» in the Judaism dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 15 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [course in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/course.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A course is a set of lessons on a subject: «a swimming course».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:m1:1
# text = A course is a set of lessons on a subject: «a swimming course».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	set	set	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	lessons	lesson	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	swimming	swimming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a course | a set |  |  |  | of lessons on a subject | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A course is a part of a meal: «The main course was pasta.».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:m2:1
# text = A course is a part of a meal: «The main course was pasta.».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	meal	meal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	pasta	pasta	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a course | a part |  |  |  | of a meal | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | the main course | pasta |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A course is the path or direction something follows, like a river or a ship.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:m3:1
# text = A course is the path or direction something follows, like a river or a ship.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	nsubj	_	_
9	follows	follow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a course | the path or direction |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **follow** | present | something | direction *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent direction=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A course is an area for a sport or race: a golf course, an obstacle course.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:m4:1
# text = A course is an area for a sport or race: a golf course, an obstacle course.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	golf	golf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	obstacle	obstacle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a course | a area |  |  |  | for a sport or race; a golf course *nmod* | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Of course» means «yes, certainly» or «as you would expect».

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:m5:1
# text = «Of course» means «yes, certainly» or «as you would expect».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Of	of	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADV	5	advmod	_	_
3	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	16	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	expect	expect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **expect** *in a quote* | would | you |  |  |  |  | certainly *property* | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To course means to flow fast: «Tears coursed down her cheeks.».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:m6:1
# text = To course means to flow fast: «Tears coursed down her cheeks.».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	flow	flow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Tears	tear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	coursed	course	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
11	down	down	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	cheeks	cheek	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | course |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **flow** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | course *not said here* |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **course down** *in a quote* | past | Tears | course's cheeks |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
26) Here is meant: ethereal air, ethereal water, ethereal fire, the macrocosm, the courses of time and microcosm. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* 26) Here is meant: ethereal air, ethereal water, ethereal fire, the macrocosm, the courses of time and microcosm.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x1:1
# text = 26) Here is meant: ethereal air, ethereal water, ethereal fire, the macrocosm, the courses of time and microcosm.
1	26	26	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	1	punct	_	_
3	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	meant	mean	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	ethereal	ethereal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	ethereal	ethereal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	ethereal	ethereal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	macrocosm	macrocosm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	courses	course	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	microcosm	microcosm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present · passive |  | ethereal air and ethereal water and ethereal fire and the macrocosm and the courses of time and microcosm |  | here |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S» |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hebrew has of course several verb roots relating to one or more of each of these three facets of language. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Hebrew has of course several verb roots relating to one or more of each of these three facets of language.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x2:1
# text = Hebrew has of course several verb roots relating to one or more of each of these three facets of language.
1	Hebrew	Hebrew	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
5	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
8	relating	relate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	obl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	10	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	18	det	_	_
17	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
18	facets	facet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Hebrew | course several verb roots |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent root=Patient |
| 2 | **relate** | gerund | course several verb roots *not said here* |  | one of each |  |  |  | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to one=Co-Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x2:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	Sefaria	Sefaria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
6	community	community	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	translation	translation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wind is of course the herald of the storm, the Biblical symbol par excellence of the divine theophany, making wind a potent symbol of divine imminence. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Wind is of course the herald of the storm, the Biblical symbol par excellence of the divine theophany, making wind a potent symbol of divine imminence.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x3:1
# text = Wind is of course the herald of the storm, the Biblical symbol par excellence of the divine theophany, making wind a potent symbol of divine imminence.
1	Wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	fixed	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	herald	herald	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
12	Biblical	biblical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
13	symbol	symbol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
14	par	par	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	excellence	excellence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	divine	divine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	theophany	theophany	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
22	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	potent	potent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	symbol	symbol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	divine	divine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	imminence	imminence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Wind |  |  |  |  | of the herald and the Biblical symbol par excellence of the divine theophany; of the storm | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | gerund | Wind *not said here* | wind |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset wind=Beneficiary symbol=Product |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x3:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	Sefaria	Sefaria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
6	community	community	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	translation	translation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the courses of the sons of Aaron were these. (Writings 1CH.24.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the courses of the sons of Aaron were these.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x4:1
# text = And the courses of the sons of Aaron were these.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	courses	course	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Aaron	Aaron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | the courses of the sons of Aaron |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings 1CH.24.1, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x4:2
# text = (Writings 1CH.24.1, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	1CH.24.1	1CH.24.1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They fought from heaven, the stars in their courses fought against Sisera. (Prophets JDG.5.20, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* They fought from heaven, the stars in their courses fought against Sisera.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x5:1
# text = They fought from heaven, the stars in their courses fought against Sisera.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	fought	fight	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	courses	course	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	fought	fight	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	against	against	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Sisera	Sisera	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | past | They |  |  | heaven |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fight** | past | the stars in stars's courses |  |  |  |  | against Sisera | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JDG.5.20, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x5:2
# text = (Prophets JDG.5.20, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JDG.5.20	JDG.5.20	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And of the Levites, certain courses in Judah were joined to Benjamin. (Writings NEH.11.36, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And of the Levites, certain courses in Judah were joined to Benjamin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x6:1
# text = And of the Levites, certain courses in Judah were joined to Benjamin.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Levites	Levite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	courses	course	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	joined	join	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Benjamin	Benjamin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **join** | past · passive |  | the Levites | Benjamin |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient to benjamin=Co-Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings NEH.11.36, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x6:2
# text = (Writings NEH.11.36, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	NEH.11.36	NEH.11.36	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I am doing a first-aid course this summer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x7:1
# text = I am doing a first-aid course this summer.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	doing	do	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	aid	aid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
9	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
10	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present · progressive | I | a aid course |  |  | summer |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Eventuality |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Can you help me?» «Of course!»

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «Can you help me?»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x8:1
# text = «Can you help me?»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** *in a quote* | can | you |  | me |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* «Of course!»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x8:2
# text = «Of course!»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The main course was roast chicken.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x9:1
# text = The main course was roast chicken.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	roast	roast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	chicken	chicken	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the main course | roast chicken |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The river changes course after heavy rain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x10:1
# text = The river changes course after heavy rain.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	changes	change	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | present | the river | course |  |  | after heavy rain |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Patient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We ran round the obstacle course on sports day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x11:1
# text = We ran round the obstacle course on sports day.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	round	round	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	obstacle	obstacle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	sports	sport	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	compound	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | We |  |  | the obstacle course | day |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme round course=Trajectory |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plane was blown off course by the storm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x12:1
# text = The plane was blown off course by the storm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	blown	blow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blow off** | past · passive | the storm | the plane |  |  |  | off course | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP PP»: agent=Agent subject=Beneficiary course=Product |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Of course, you need to show your working in maths.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x13:1
# text = Of course, you need to show your working in maths.
1	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	working	working	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | you |  |  |  |  | of course | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **show** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | your working |  |  |  | in maths | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent working=Patient in math=Topic |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the course of the week we read three books.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x14:1
# text = In the course of the week we read three books.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	read	read	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | past | we | three books |  | the course | week |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Topic |

## Example 15 {#x15}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Of course it was a Friday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:course:x15:1
# text = Of course it was a Friday.
1	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
2	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	fixed	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Friday	Friday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | course |  |  |  |  | of a Friday | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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