---
title: craft — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «craft» in the Judaism dictionary: An activity where you make things by hand, such as painting, sewing, cutting and gluing. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# craft

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** activity, skill, We, Knitting, grandma, Carpentry · **What happens:** make, sew, cut, glue, need, use · **To what, where:** things, skilful hands, something, Cleverness, people, paper lanterns · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«craft» in the Judaism dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [craft in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/craft.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An activity where you make things by hand, such as painting, sewing, cutting and gluing.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:craft:m1:1
# text = An activity where you make things by hand, such as painting, sewing, cutting and gluing.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	activity	activity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	5	advmod	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	12	case	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	painting	painting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	sewing	sew	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	cutting	cut	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	gluing	glue	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | a activity | things |  |  |  | by hand and painting | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset thing=Product |
| 2 | **sew** | gerund | a activity *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **cut** | gerund | a activity *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **glue** | gerund | a activity *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A skill or job that needs skilful hands, like woodwork or pottery.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:craft:m2:1
# text = A skill or job that needs skilful hands, like woodwork or pottery.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	skill	skill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	skilful	skilful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	woodwork	woodwork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	pottery	pottery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | a skill or job | skilful hands |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot hand=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A boat, ship, plane or spaceship: «a small craft».

<!-- fold The tree, 9 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:craft:m3:1
# text = A boat, ship, plane or spaceship: «a small craft».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	spaceship	spaceship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	craft	craft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make something carefully and skilfully.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:craft:m4:1
# text = To make something carefully and skilfully.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	skilfully	skilfully	ADV	RB	_	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | carefully *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cleverness used to trick people (old use: «craftiness»).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:craft:m5:1
# text = Cleverness used to trick people (old use: «craftiness»).
1	Cleverness	cleverness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	trick	trick	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	craftiness	craftiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  | Cleverness *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **trick** | to-infinitive |  | people |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We made paper lanterns in craft time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:craft:x1:1
# text = We made paper lanterns in craft time.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	lanterns	lantern	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	craft	craft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | We | paper lanterns |  |  | time |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lantern=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Knitting is a craft my grandma loves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:craft:x2:1
# text = Knitting is a craft my grandma loves.
1	Knitting	knitting	NOUN	NN	_	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	craft	craft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	loves	love	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Knitting | a craft |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **love** | present | my grandma | a craft *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer craft=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Carpentry is an old craft.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:craft:x3:1
# text = Carpentry is an old craft.
1	Carpentry	carpentry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	craft	craft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Carpentry | a old craft |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The small craft sailed into the harbour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:craft:x4:1
# text = The small craft sailed into the harbour.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	craft	craft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sailed	sail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sail** | past | the small craft |  |  | the harbour |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent into harbour=Trajectory |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A spacecraft landed on Mars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:craft:x5:1
# text = A spacecraft landed on Mars.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spacecraft	spacecraft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	landed	land	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Mars	Mars	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **land** | participle |  | a spacecraft *not said here* |  | Mars |  |  | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on mars=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She crafted a birthday card for her friend.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:craft:x6:1
# text = She crafted a birthday card for her friend.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	crafted	craft	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	birthday	birthday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	card	card	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **craft** | past | She | a birthday card |  |  |  | for her friend | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent card=Result for friend=Beneficiary |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Be careful with scissors and glue guns at the craft table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:craft:x7:1
# text = Be careful with scissors and glue guns at the craft table.
1	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	cop	_	_
2	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	scissors	scissors	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	glue	glue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	guns	gun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	craft	craft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with scissors at the craft table and glue guns; careful *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
‘What craft shall we follow?’ asked Pryderi.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:craft:x8:1
# text = ‘What craft shall we follow?’ asked Pryderi.
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	What	what	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	3	det	_	_
3	craft	craft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	follow	follow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
9	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	Pryderi	Pryderi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | shall | what craft |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past |  |  | Pryderi |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S»: agent=Agent pryderi=Recipient clause=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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