---
title: crave — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «crave» in the Judaism dictionary: To crave something is to want it very strongly, so that it is hard to think about anything else. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# crave

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, your, they, He, Toad, Babies · **What happens:** crave, be, think, pardon, eat, fill · **To what, where:** something, pardon, them, cold drink, excitement, attention · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«crave» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [crave in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/crave.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To crave something is to want it very strongly, so that it is hard to think about anything else.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:crave:m1:1
# text = To crave something is to want it very strongly, so that it is hard to think about anything else.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	crave	crave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	want	want	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	very	very	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	strongly	strongly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	15	mark	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	fixed	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	expl	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	think	think	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	csubj	_	_
18	about	about	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	17	obl	_	_
20	else	else	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crave** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot something=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | strongly, want *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **think** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | about anything | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about anything=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old, formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To crave something is to ask for it humbly: «I crave your pardon».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:crave:m2:1
# text = To crave something is to ask for it humbly: «I crave your pardon».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	crave	crave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	ask	ask	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	_
9	humbly	humbly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	crave	crave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
14	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	pardon	pardon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crave** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot something=Theme |
| 2 | **be** *speech: ask* | present |  |  |  |  |  | for it; ask, humbly *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **crave** *in a quote* | present | I | your pardon |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot pardon=Theme |
| 4 | **pardon** *in a quote* |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom pardon «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So they did eat, and were well filled; and He gave them that which they craved. (Writings PSA.78.29, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* So they did eat, and were well filled; and He gave them that which they craved.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:crave:x1:1
# text = So they did eat, and were well filled; and He gave them that which they craved.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
8	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	_
9	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	iobj	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	craved	crave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | past · do-support | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fill** | past · passive | they *not said here* |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V» |
| 3 | **give** | past | He |  | them *= they* |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 4 | **crave** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.78.29, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:crave:x1:2
# text = (Writings PSA.78.29, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.78.29	PSA.78.29	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After the long walk, I craved a cold drink.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:crave:x2:1
# text = After the long walk, I craved a cold drink.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	walk	walk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	craved	crave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crave** | past | I | a cold drink |  |  | after the long walk |  | vn want-32.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot drink=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toad craved excitement and fast cars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:crave:x3:1
# text = Toad craved excitement and fast cars.
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	craved	crave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	excitement	excitement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crave** | past | Toad | excitement and fast cars |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot excitement=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Babies crave attention and comfort.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:crave:x4:1
# text = Babies crave attention and comfort.
1	Babies	baby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	crave	crave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	attention	attention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	comfort	comfort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crave** | present | Babies | attention and comfort |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot attention=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«I crave your pardon, my lord.»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:crave:x5:1
# text = «I crave your pardon, my lord.»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	crave	crave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	pardon	pardon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crave** *in a quote* | present | I | your pardon and my lord |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot pardon=Theme |
| 2 | **pardon** *in a quote* |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom pardon «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She craved a quiet moment alone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:crave:x6:1
# text = She craved a quiet moment alone.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	craved	crave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	quiet	quiet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crave** | past | She |  |  |  | moment | alone *property* | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some people crave chocolate when they are tired.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:crave:x7:1
# text = Some people crave chocolate when they are tired.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	crave	crave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crave** | present | some people | chocolate |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot chocolate=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | people |  |  |  |  | tired *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At last Hook had got the boon for which he craved.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:crave:x8:1
# text = At last Hook had got the boon for which he craved.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Hook	Hook	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	got	get	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	boon	boon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	craved	crave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past · perfect |  | the boon |  | last Hook |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent boon=Theme at hook=Asset |
| 2 | **crave** | past | Hook |  |  |  |  | for the boon | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for which=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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