---
title: cropped — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cropped» in the Judaism dictionary: Cropped is the past form of crop: to cut something short, like hair or grass, or to cut off the edges of a picture. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cropped

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** something, it, animal, horse, He, I · **What happens:** crop, be, cut, cut off, crop up, appear · **To what, where:** Cropped past form, something, edges, Cropped clothes, purpose, Cropped hair

<!-- .vabout -->
«cropped» in the Judaism dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cropped in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/cropped.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cropped is the past form of crop: to cut something short, like hair or grass, or to cut off the edges of a picture.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cropped:m1:1
# text = Cropped is the past form of crop: to cut something short, like hair or grass, or to cut off the edges of a picture.
1	Cropped	crop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	past	past	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	crop	crop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	cut	cut	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
11	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	obj	_	_
12	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	cut	cut	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
22	off	off	ADP	RP	_	21	compound:prt	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	edges	edge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crop** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | the Cropped past form |  |  |  | of crop | tree rules |
| 3 | **cut** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | like hair or grass | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product |
| 4 | **cut off** | to-infinitive |  | the edges of a picture |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector edge=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cropped clothes are cut short on purpose, such as a cropped top or cropped trousers.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cropped:m2:1
# text = Cropped clothes are cut short on purpose, such as a cropped top or cropped trousers.
1	Cropped	crop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	amod	_	_
2	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	cropped	crop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
13	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	cropped	crop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	amod	_	_
16	trousers	trousers	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crop** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **cut** | present · passive |  | Cropped clothes |  | purpose |  | short *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 3 | **crop** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **crop** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cropped hair is cut very short.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cropped:m3:1
# text = Cropped hair is cut very short.
1	Cropped	crop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	amod	_	_
2	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crop** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **cut** | present · passive |  | Cropped hair |  |  |  | short *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If something cropped up, it appeared or happened suddenly, without being expected.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cropped:m4:1
# text = If something cropped up, it appeared or happened suddenly, without being expected.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	nsubj	_	_
3	cropped	crop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	advcl	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	happened	happen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
10	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	expected	expect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crop up** *a condition, not said to happen* | participle | something |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **appear** | past | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **happen** | past |  |  |  |  |  | suddenly *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **expect** | gerund · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S» |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cropped can also mean bitten short by an animal eating grass, as a horse cropped the turf.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cropped:m5:1
# text = Cropped can also mean bitten short by an animal eating grass, as a horse cropped the turf.
1	Cropped	crop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	bitten	bite	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	xcomp	_	_
6	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
11	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	cropped	crop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	turf	turf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crop** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **bite** *not said to happen* | participle |  |  |  |  |  | short *property* | vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **eat** | gerund | a animal *not said here* | grass |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient |
| 5 | **crop** | past | a horse | the turf |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent turf=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He cropped off the topmost of the young twigs thereof, and carried it into a land of traffic; he set it in a city of merchants. (Prophets EZK.17.4, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* He cropped off the topmost of the young twigs thereof, and carried it into a land of traffic; he set it in a city of merchants.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cropped:x1:1
# text = He cropped off the topmost of the young twigs thereof, and carried it into a land of traffic; he set it in a city of merchants.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cropped	crop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	off	off	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	topmost	topmost	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	twigs	twig	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
10	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	into	into	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	traffic	traffic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	set	set	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	merchants	merchant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crop** | past | He |  |  |  |  | topmost *property* | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **carry** | past | He *not said here* | it |  | a land of traffic |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 3 | **set** | past | he | traffic |  | a city of merchants |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme in city=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets EZK.17.4, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cropped:x1:2
# text = (Prophets EZK.17.4, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZK.17.4	EZK.17.4	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I cropped the photo so only my face showed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cropped:x2:1
# text = I cropped the photo so only my face showed.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cropped	crop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	photo	photo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
6	only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crop** | past | I | the photo |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent photo=Patient |
| 2 | **show** | past | my face |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She wore a cropped denim jacket.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cropped:x3:1
# text = She wore a cropped denim jacket.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	cropped	crop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
5	denim	denim	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	jacket	jacket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | She | a cropped denim jacket |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent jacket=Theme |
| 2 | **crop** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His hair was cropped short for summer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cropped:x4:1
# text = His hair was cropped short for summer.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	cropped	crop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crop** | past · passive |  | His hair |  |  |  | short *property* | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sheep cropped the grass very close.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cropped:x5:1
# text = The sheep cropped the grass very close.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	cropped	crop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crop** | past | the sheep | the grass |  |  |  | close *property* | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A problem cropped up, so we were late.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cropped:x6:1
# text = A problem cropped up, so we were late.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	cropped	crop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	late	late	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crop up** | participle |  | a problem *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | past | we |  |  |  |  | late *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The field was cropped with wheat last year.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cropped:x7:1
# text = The field was cropped with wheat last year.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	cropped	crop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	wheat	wheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crop** | past · passive |  | the field |  |  |  | with wheat  last year | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with wheat=Instrument |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your name cropped up when we were talking about the play.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cropped:x8:1
# text = Your name cropped up when we were talking about the play.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	cropped	crop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
6	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	talking	talk	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
9	about	about	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	play	play	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crop up** | participle · passive |  | Your name |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **talk** | past · progressive | we |  |  |  |  | about the play | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about play=Topic |
| 3 | **name** |  | Your |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then he saw under a tree and waited, while his horse cropped the green turf.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cropped:x9:1
# text = Then he saw under a tree and waited, while his horse cropped the green turf.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	waited	wait	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	cropped	crop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	turf	turf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | he |  |  | a tree | then |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **wait** | past | he *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **crop** | past | his horse | the green turf |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent turf=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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