---
title: cruel — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cruel» in the Judaism dictionary: Cruel means causing pain or suffering to people or animals on purpose, or not caring when they suffer. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cruel

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Cruel, pain, wine, Moses, children, you · **What happens:** mean, cause, not care, suffer, bear, be · **To what, where:** pain, purpose, venom, Cursed anger, anger, Jacob · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«cruel» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cruel in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/cruel.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cruel means causing pain or suffering to people or animals on purpose, or not caring when they suffer.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:m1:1
# text = Cruel means causing pain or suffering to people or animals on purpose, or not caring when they suffer.
1	Cruel	cruel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	causing	cause	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	suffering	suffering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
16	caring	care	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	_
17	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	19	advmod	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	suffer	suffer	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Cruel |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **cause** *not said to happen* | gerund | Cruel *not said here* | pain or suffering |  | purpose |  | to people or animals | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition pain=Patient |
| 3 | **not** **care** | gerund | Cruel *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **suffer** | present | pain |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cruel can mean very hard to bear, as in cruel weather or cruel luck.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:m2:1
# text = Cruel can mean very hard to bear, as in cruel weather or cruel luck.
1	Cruel	cruel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	bear	bear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	luck	luck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Cruel |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **bear** | to-infinitive | Cruel *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their wine is the venom of serpents, and the cruel poison of asps. (Torah DEU.32.33, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Their wine is the venom of serpents, and the cruel poison of asps.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x1:1
# text = Their wine is the venom of serpents, and the cruel poison of asps.
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	venom	venom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	serpents	serpent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	poison	poison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	asps	asp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Their wine | the venom |  |  |  | of serpents | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.32.33, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x1:2
# text = (Torah DEU.32.33, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.32.33	DEU.32.33	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Moses spoke so unto the children of Israel; but they hearkened not unto Moses for impatience of spirit, and for cruel bondage. (Torah EXO.6.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Moses spoke so unto the children of Israel; but they hearkened not unto Moses for impatience of spirit, and for cruel bondage.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x2:1
# text = And Moses spoke so unto the children of Israel; but they hearkened not unto Moses for impatience of spirit, and for cruel bondage.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	hearkened	hearken	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
15	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	impatience	impatience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	bondage	bondage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Moses |  |  |  |  | unto the children of Israel | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **hearken** | past | children *= child* |  |  |  |  | unto Moses; for impatience of spirit | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.6.9, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x2:2
# text = (Torah EXO.6.9, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.6.9	EXO.6.9	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cursed be their anger, for it was fierce, and their wrath, for it was cruel; I will divide them in Jacob, and scatter them in Israel. (Torah GEN.49.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Cursed be their anger, for it was fierce, and their wrath, for it was cruel; I will divide them in Jacob, and scatter them in Israel.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x3:1
# text = Cursed be their anger, for it was fierce, and their wrath, for it was cruel; I will divide them in Jacob, and scatter them in Israel.
1	Cursed	curse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	fierce	fierce	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	wrath	wrath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	divide	divide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	parataxis	_	_
23	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	scatter	scatter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	conj	_	_
29	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **curse** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | imperative | you *not said here* | their Cursed anger and anger's wrath |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | past | it |  |  |  |  | fierce *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | past | wrath |  |  |  |  | cruel *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **divide** | future | I | anger |  | Jacob |  |  | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 6 | **scatter** | infinitive | I *not said here* | anger |  | Israel |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme in israel=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.49.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x3:2
# text = (Torah GEN.49.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.49.7	GEN.49.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lest thou give thy vigour unto others, and thy years unto the cruel; (Writings PRO.5.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x4:1
# text = Lest thou give thy vigour unto others, and thy years unto the cruel; (Writings PRO.5.9, JPS 1917)
1	Lest	lest	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
3	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	vigour	vigour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
10	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
12	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	parataxis	_	_
18	PRO.5.9	PRO.5.9	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	flat	_	_
21	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | thou | thy vigour |  |  |  | unto others | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vigour=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Consider how many are mine enemies, and the cruel hatred wherewith they hate me. (Writings PSA.25.19, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Consider how many are mine enemies, and the cruel hatred wherewith they hate me.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x5:1
# text = Consider how many are mine enemies, and the cruel hatred wherewith they hate me.
1	Consider	consider	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
3	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	mine	mine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	hatred	hatred	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
12	wherewith	wherewith	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	hate	hate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consider** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | many mine enemies |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **hate** | present | enemies *= enemy* | me |  |  |  | wherewith *property* | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer i=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.25.19, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x5:2
# text = (Writings PSA.25.19, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.25.19	PSA.25.19	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rebellious man seeketh only evil; therefore a cruel messenger shall be sent against him. (Writings PRO.17.11, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A rebellious man seeketh only evil; therefore a cruel messenger shall be sent against him.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x6:1
# text = A rebellious man seeketh only evil; therefore a cruel messenger shall be sent against him.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	rebellious	rebellious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	seeketh	seek	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	evil	evil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
8	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	messenger	messenger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
15	against	against	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seek** | present | a rebellious man |  |  |  |  | evil *property* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **send** | shall · passive |  | a cruel messenger |  |  |  | against man; therefore *property* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PRO.17.11, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x6:2
# text = (Writings PRO.17.11, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PRO.17.11	PRO.17.11	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is cruel to hurt animals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x7:1
# text = It is cruel to hurt animals.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	hurt	hurt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
6	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | cruel *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **hurt** | to-infinitive |  | animals |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer animal=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cruel giant locked the children in the tower.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x8:1
# text = The cruel giant locked the children in the tower.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	giant	giant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	locked	lock	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lock** | past | the cruel giant | the children |  | the tower |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Laughing at someone who is sad is cruel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x9:1
# text = Laughing at someone who is sad is cruel.
1	Laughing	laugh	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	csubj	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obl	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **laugh** | gerund |  |  |  | someone |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | Laughing |  |  |  |  | cruel *property* | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cinderella's stepsisters were cruel to her.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x10:1
# text = Cinderella's stepsisters were cruel to her.
1	Cinderella	Cinderella	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	stepsisters	stepsister	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Cinderella's stepsisters |  | Cinderella |  |  | cruel *property* | tree rules |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The winter was cruel and long.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x11:1
# text = The winter was cruel and long.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the winter |  |  |  |  | cruel *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the winter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't be cruel; be kind.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x12:1
# text = Don't be cruel; be kind.
1	Do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
4	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
7	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **is** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | cruel *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | kind *property* | tree rules |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was a cruel twist of fate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x13:1
# text = It was a cruel twist of fate.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	twist	twist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	fate	fate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | a cruel twist |  |  |  | of fate | tree rules |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“How could you be so cruel?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:cruel:x14:1
# text = “How could you be so cruel?
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
3	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | could | you |  |  |  |  | cruel *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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