---
title: curse — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «curse» in the Judaism dictionary: A curse is a magic spell or wish that something bad will happen to someone, as in fairy tales. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# curse

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** curse, something, someone, he, Thou, Thy · **What happens:** be, wish, happen, swear, say, curse · **To what, where:** magic spell, rude word, bad words, angry things, someone, something · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«curse» in the Judaism dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [curse in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/curse.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A curse is a magic spell or wish that something bad will happen to someone, as in fairy tales.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:m1:1
# text = A curse is a magic spell or wish that something bad will happen to someone, as in fairy tales.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	curse	curse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	magic	magic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	spell	spell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	wish	wish	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	13	nsubj	_	_
11	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
12	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	fairy	fairy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a curse | a magic spell |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **wish** | present | a curse *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **happen** | future | something |  |  |  |  | to someone | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A curse is a rude or swear word that someone says when angry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:m2:1
# text = A curse is a rude or swear word that someone says when angry.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	curse	curse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	rude	rude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	swear	swear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
8	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obj	_	_
10	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	11	nsubj	_	_
11	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
12	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	13	mark	_	_
13	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swear** | infinitive | a curse *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a curse | a rude word |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | someone | a rude word |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent that=Topic |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To curse is to swear or use bad words, or to say angry things.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:m3:1
# text = To curse is to swear or use bad words, or to say angry things.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	curse	curse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	swear	swear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
8	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
14	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **curse** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | swear *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **use** | infinitive |  | bad words |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  | angry things |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent thing=Topic |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To curse someone is to put a magic spell on them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:m4:1
# text = To curse someone is to put a magic spell on them.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	curse	curse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	magic	magic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	spell	spell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **curse** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | on them *= they*; put *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A curse can be something that causes lots of trouble, like a long-lasting problem.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:m5:1
# text = A curse can be something that causes lots of trouble, like a long-lasting problem.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	curse	curse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	trouble	trouble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
14	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	lasting	lasting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | a curse | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cause** | present |  | lots of trouble and a lasting problem |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition lot=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cursed be he that removeth his neighbour's landmark. (Torah DEU.27.17, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Cursed be he that removeth his neighbour's landmark.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x1:1
# text = Cursed be he that removeth his neighbour's landmark.
1	Cursed	curse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	cop	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obl	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	removeth	remove	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	landmark	landmark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **curse** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | infinitive |  | he |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **remove** | present |  | his neighbour's landmark |  |  |  |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent landmark=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.27.17, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x1:2
# text = (Torah DEU.27.17, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.27.17	DEU.27.17	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cursed be he that lieth with his mother-in-law. (Torah DEU.27.23, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Cursed be he that lieth with his mother-in-law.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x2:1
# text = Cursed be he that lieth with his mother-in-law.
1	Cursed	curse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	mark	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	lieth	lie	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **curse** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | infinitive | he |  |  |  |  | with his mother in law; lie *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.27.23, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x2:2
# text = (Torah DEU.27.23, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.27.23	DEU.27.23	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cursed shall be thy basket and thy kneading-trough. (Torah DEU.28.17, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Cursed shall be thy basket and thy kneading-trough.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x3:1
# text = Cursed shall be thy basket and thy kneading-trough.
1	Cursed	curse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
4	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	basket	basket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nmod:poss	_	_
8	kneading	kneading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	trough	trough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **curse** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | shall |  | thy Cursed basket and thy kneading trough |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.28.17, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x3:2
# text = (Torah DEU.28.17, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.28.17	DEU.28.17	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After this opened Job his mouth, and cursed his day. (Writings JOB.3.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* After this opened Job his mouth, and cursed his day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x4:1
# text = After this opened Job his mouth, and cursed his day.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	obl	_	_
3	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Job	Job	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	cursed	curse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past |  | Job |  |  | after this |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent job=Theme mouth=Destination |
| 2 | **curse** | past |  |  |  |  | day |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.3.1, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x4:2
# text = (Writings JOB.3.1, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.3.1	JOB.3.1	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thou wilt give them hardness of heart, Thy curse unto them. (Writings LAM.3.65, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Thou wilt give them hardness of heart, Thy curse unto them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x5:1
# text = Thou wilt give them hardness of heart, Thy curse unto them.
1	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
2	wilt	will	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	hardness	hardness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	curse	curse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
11	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | future | Thou | hardness of heart | them *= they* |  |  | Thy curse unto them *obl* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient hardness=Theme |
| 2 | **curse** |  | Thy |  |  |  |  | unto them *= they* | nom curse «communication transitive»: poss=agent unto=obl |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings LAM.3.65, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x5:2
# text = (Writings LAM.3.65, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	LAM.3.65	LAM.3.65	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I have seen the foolish taking root; but suddenly I beheld his habitation cursed. (Writings JOB.5.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* I have seen the foolish taking root; but suddenly I beheld his habitation cursed.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x6:1
# text = I have seen the foolish taking root; but suddenly I beheld his habitation cursed.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	foolish	foolish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	taking	taking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	root	root	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	beheld	behold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	habitation	habitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	cursed	curse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | present · perfect | I | the foolish taking root |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer root=Stimulus |
| 2 | **behold** | past | I | his habitation |  |  |  | suddenly *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **curse** | participle | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.5.3, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x6:2
# text = (Writings JOB.5.3, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.5.3	JOB.5.3	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wicked witch put a curse on the princess.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x7:1
# text = The wicked witch put a curse on the princess.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	witch	witch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	curse	curse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | the wicked witch | a curse |  |  |  | on the princess | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent curse=Theme on princess=Destination |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The castle was under a curse for a hundred years.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x8:1
# text = The castle was under a curse for a hundred years.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	curse	curse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the castle |  |  | a curse | year |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He cursed when he stubbed his toe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x9:1
# text = He cursed when he stubbed his toe.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cursed	curse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	stubbed	stub	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	toe	toe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **curse** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **stub** | past | he | his toe |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer toe=Patient |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please don't curse in the classroom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x10:1
# text = Please don't curse in the classroom.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	curse	curse	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	classroom	classroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **curse** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  | the classroom |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She cursed under her breath when the bus drove away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x11:1
# text = She cursed under her breath when the bus drove away.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cursed	curse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	under	under	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	drove	drive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
10	away	away	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **curse** | past | She |  |  | her breath |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **drive away** | past | the bus |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rain was the curse of our camping trip.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x12:1
# text = The rain was the curse of our camping trip.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	curse	curse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	camping	camping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the rain | the curse |  |  |  | of our camping trip | tree rules |
| 2 | **trip** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom trip «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The curse was broken when the frog was kissed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x13:1
# text = The curse was broken when the frog was kissed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	curse	curse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	kissed	kiss	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | past · passive |  | the curse |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **kiss** | past · passive |  | the frog |  |  |  |  | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
‘These flowers are under a curse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:curse:x14:1
# text = ‘These flowers are under a curse.
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	curse	curse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | this flowers |  |  | a curse |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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