---
title: delusion — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «delusion» in the Judaism dictionary: A false belief about something, held even though it is not true. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# delusion

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** belief, They, delusion, their, That, lake · **What happens:** hold, not be, be, perish, work, visit · **To what, where:** Prophets, seers, delusion, gold · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«delusion» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [delusion in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/delusion.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A false belief about something, held even though it is not true.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:delusion:m1:1
# text = A false belief about something, held even though it is not true.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	false	false	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	belief	belief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
8	even	even	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
9	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present | belief |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are vanity, a work of delusion; in the time of their visitation they shall perish. (Prophets JER.10.15, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* They are vanity, a work of delusion; in the time of their visitation they shall perish.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:delusion:x1:1
# text = They are vanity, a work of delusion; in the time of their visitation they shall perish.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	vanity	vanity	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	delusion	delusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	visitation	visitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	perish	perish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | They |  |  |  |  | a work of delusion *obl*; vanity *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **perish** | shall | they |  |  |  | time |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **work** |  | delusion |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: of=agent |
| 4 | **visit** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom visitation «event transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JER.10.15, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:delusion:x1:2
# text = (Prophets JER.10.15, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JER.10.15	JER.10.15	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are vanity, a work of delusion; in the time of their visitation they shall perish, (Prophets JER.51.18, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:delusion:x2:1
# text = They are vanity, a work of delusion; in the time of their visitation they shall perish, (Prophets JER.51.18, JPS 1917)
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	vanity	vanity	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	delusion	delusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	visitation	visitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	perish	perish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
22	JER.51.18	JER.51.18	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	flat	_	_
25	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	22	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | They |  |  |  |  | a work of delusion *obl*; vanity *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **perish** | shall | they | Prophets |  |  | time |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **work** |  | delusion |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: of=agent |
| 4 | **visit** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom visitation «event transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That say to the seers: 'See not,' and to the prophets: 'Prophesy not unto us right things, speak unto us smooth things, prophesy delusions; (Prophets ISA.30.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:delusion:x3:1
# text = That say to the seers: 'See not,' and to the prophets: 'Prophesy not unto us right things, speak unto us smooth things, prophesy delusions; (Prophets ISA.30.10, JPS 1917)
1	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	nsubj	_	_
2	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	seers	seer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	See	see	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	appos	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
17	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	Prophesy	prophesy	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
20	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
22	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	speak	speak	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
26	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
28	smooth	smooth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	prophesy	prophesy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	delusions	delusion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
34	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	appos	_	_
36	ISA.30.10	ISA.30.10	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
38	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	flat	_	_
39	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	36	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	35	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | That |  | the seers and the prophets |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to seer=Recipient |
| 2 | **not** **see** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **not** **prophesy** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | unto right things | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **speak** *speech: other* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | unto smooth things and prophesy delusions | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lake was a delusion made by the mist.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:delusion:x4:1
# text = The lake was a delusion made by the mist.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	delusion	delusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	mist	mist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the lake | a delusion |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a delusion *not said here* |  |  |  | by the mist | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He lives under the delusion that he can fly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:delusion:x5:1
# text = He lives under the delusion that he can fly.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	under	under	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	delusion	delusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | He |  |  | the delusion |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under delusion=Location |
| 2 | **fly** | can | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Was the gold just a fair delusion?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:delusion:x6:1
# text = Was the gold just a fair delusion?
1	Was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	csubj	_	_
4	just	just	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	delusion	delusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | the gold |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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