---
title: despise — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «despise» in the Judaism dictionary: To despise someone or something is to hate it or look down on it as worthless or wrong. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# despise

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** LORD, people, I, son, spurn, lovers · **What happens:** despise, be, look down, say, not believe, wrought · **To what, where:** someone, Me, signs, myself, life, thou · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«despise» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [despise in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/despise.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To despise someone or something is to hate it or look down on it as worthless or wrong.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:despise:m1:1
# text = To despise someone or something is to hate it or look down on it as worthless or wrong.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	despise	despise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	hate	hate	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
12	down	down	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obl	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	worthless	worthless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	obl	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **despise** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer someone=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | hate *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **look down** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | as worthless; on it | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the LORD said unto Moses: 'How long will this people despise Me? and how long will they not believe in Me, for all the signs which I have wrought among them? (Torah NUM.14.11, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the LORD said unto Moses: 'How long will this people despise Me? and how long will they not believe in Me, for all the signs which I have wrought among them?

<!-- fold The tree, 32 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:despise:x1:1
# text = And the LORD said unto Moses: 'How long will this people despise Me? and how long will they not believe in Me, for all the signs which I have wrought among them?
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
8	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
10	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	14	advmod	_	_
11	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
12	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	13	det	_	_
13	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
14	despise	despise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
15	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	19	advmod	_	_
19	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	14	advmod	_	_
20	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
21	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
22	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	23	advmod	_	_
23	believe	believe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	Me	Me	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
27	for	for	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	30	det:predet	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	signs	sign	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	parataxis	_	_
31	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	34	nsubj:pass	_	_
32	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
33	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	wrought	wrought	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	30	acl:relcl	_	_
35	among	among	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the LORD |  |  |  |  | unto Moses | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **despise** | future | this people | Me |  |  |  | long *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer i=Stimulus |
| 3 | **not** **believe** | future | people |  |  |  |  | in Me | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **wrought** | present · perfect · passive |  | all signs |  |  |  | among people | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah NUM.14.11, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:despise:x1:2
# text = (Torah NUM.14.11, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	NUM.14.11	NUM.14.11	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I am innocent — I regard not myself, I despise my life. (Writings JOB.9.21, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* I am innocent — I regard not myself, I despise my life.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:despise:x2:1
# text = I am innocent — I regard not myself, I despise my life.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	innocent	innocent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	regard	regard	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
8	myself	myself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	despise	despise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
12	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | innocent *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **regard** | present | I | myself |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **despise** | present | I | my life |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer life=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.9.21, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:despise:x2:2
# text = (Writings JOB.9.21, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.9.21	JOB.9.21	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My son, despise not the chastening of the LORD, neither spurn thou His correction; (Writings PRO.3.11, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:despise:x3:1
# text = My son, despise not the chastening of the LORD, neither spurn thou His correction; (Writings PRO.3.11, JPS 1917)
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	despise	despise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	chastening	chasten	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	13	cc:preconj	_	_
13	spurn	spurn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
14	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	nsubj	_	_
15	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	correction	correction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
18	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	parataxis	_	_
20	PRO.3.11	PRO.3.11	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	flat	_	_
23	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	19	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **despise** | present | My son |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **chasten** | gerund | My son *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of the LORD | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **correction** |  | spurn |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In vain dost thou make thyself fair; thy lovers despise thee, they seek thy life. (Prophets JER.4.30, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In vain dost thou make thyself fair; thy lovers despise thee, they seek thy life.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:despise:x4:1
# text = In vain dost thou make thyself fair; thy lovers despise thee, they seek thy life.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	vain	vain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obl	_	_
3	dost	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	obj	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	thyself	thyself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Style=Arch	5	obj	_	_
7	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	lovers	lover	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	despise	despise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	seek	seek	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
16	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present |  | thou |  | vain |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | infinitive |  | thyself |  |  |  | fair *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset thyself=Product |
| 3 | **despise** | present | thy lovers | thee |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thou=Stimulus |
| 4 | **seek** | present | lovers *= lover* | thy life |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JER.4.30, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:despise:x4:2
# text = (Prophets JER.4.30, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JER.4.30	JER.4.30	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I despise cheating.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:despise:x5:1
# text = I despise cheating.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	despise	despise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	cheating	cheat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **despise** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **cheat** | gerund | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The proud queen despised the poor farmer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:despise:x6:1
# text = The proud queen despised the poor farmer.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	proud	proud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	queen	queen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	despised	despise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **despise** | past | the proud queen | the poor farmer |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer farmer=Stimulus |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"I despise you," the giant roared.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:despise:x7:1
# text = "I despise you," the giant roared.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	despise	despise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	giant	giant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	roared	roar	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **despise** *in a quote* | present | I | you |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus |
| 2 | **roar** | past | the giant |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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