---
title: destruction — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «destruction» in the Judaism dictionary: Destruction is the act of destroying something so badly that it is ruined or no longer exists. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# destruction

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Destruction, act, someone, ships, Eber, he · **What happens:** be, destroy, ruin, exist, leave, hope · **To what, where:** act, something, Destruction, damage, hopes, coast · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«destruction» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [destruction in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/destruction.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Destruction is the act of destroying something so badly that it is ruined or no longer exists.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:m1:1
# text = Destruction is the act of destroying something so badly that it is ruined or no longer exists.
1	Destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	destroying	destroy	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	ruined	ruin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	advcl	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	no	no	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	17	advmod	_	_
17	exists	exist	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Destruction | the act |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **destroy** | gerund | the act *not said here* | something |  |  |  | badly *property* | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient |
| 3 | **ruin** | present · passive |  | Destruction |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **exist** | present |  |  |  |  |  | long *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The damage left after a storm, fire, war or accident.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:m2:1
# text = The damage left after a storm, fire, war or accident.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	accident	accident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | participle |  | the damage *not said here* |  |  | after a storm  war or accident and fire |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ruin of someone's hopes, health or life.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:m3:1
# text = The ruin of someone's hopes, health or life.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ruin	ruin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	hopes	hope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	health	health	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ruin** |  |  | someone's hopes and health or life |  |  |  |  | nom ruin «state transitive»: of=patient |
| 2 | **hope** |  | someone |  |  |  |  |  | nom hope «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But ships shall come from the coast of Kittim, and they shall afflict Asshur, and shall afflict Eber, and he also shall come to destruction. (Torah NUM.24.24, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* But ships shall come from the coast of Kittim, and they shall afflict Asshur, and shall afflict Eber, and he also shall come to destruction.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x1:1
# text = But ships shall come from the coast of Kittim, and they shall afflict Asshur, and shall afflict Eber, and he also shall come to destruction.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	coast	coast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Kittim	Kittim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	afflict	afflict	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
15	Asshur	Asshur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	afflict	afflict	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	conj	_	_
20	Eber	Eber	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
24	also	also	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
25	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
27	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | shall | ships |  |  | the coast of Kittim |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from coast=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **afflict** | shall | ships *= ship* | Asshur |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus asshur=Experiencer |
| 3 | **afflict** | shall | ships *= ship* *not said here* | Eber |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus eber=Experiencer |
| 4 | **come** | shall | Eber |  |  | destruction |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to destruction=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah NUM.24.24, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x1:2
# text = (Torah NUM.24.24, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	NUM.24.24	NUM.24.24	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he looked on Amalek, and took up his parable, and said: Amalek was the first of the nations; but his end shall come to destruction. (Torah NUM.24.20, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And he looked on Amalek, and took up his parable, and said: Amalek was the first of the nations; but his end shall come to destruction.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x2:1
# text = And he looked on Amalek, and took up his parable, and said: Amalek was the first of the nations; but his end shall come to destruction.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Amalek	Amalek	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	parable	parable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
16	Amalek	Amalek	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
17	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	first	first	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	14	ccomp	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
24	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
27	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
29	to	to	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | he |  |  |  |  | on Amalek | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on amalek=Theme |
| 2 | **take up** | past | he *not said here* | Amalek's parable |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent parable=Theme |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | he *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** | past | Amalek | the first |  |  |  | of the nations | tree rules |
| 5 | **come** | shall | Amalek's end |  |  | destruction |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to destruction=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah NUM.24.20, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x2:2
# text = (Torah NUM.24.20, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	NUM.24.20	NUM.24.20	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wasting of hunger, and the devouring of the fiery bolt, and bitter destruction; and the teeth of beasts will I send upon them, with the venom of crawling things of the dust. (Torah DEU.32.24, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The wasting of hunger, and the devouring of the fiery bolt, and bitter destruction; and the teeth of beasts will I send upon them, with the venom of crawling things of the dust.

<!-- fold The tree, 33 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x3:1
# text = The wasting of hunger, and the devouring of the fiery bolt, and bitter destruction; and the teeth of beasts will I send upon them, with the venom of crawling things of the dust.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wasting	wasting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	hunger	hunger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	devouring	devour	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	fiery	fiery	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	bolt	bolt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nsubj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	beasts	beast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	_
23	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	send	send	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
26	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
29	with	with	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	venom	venom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	parataxis	_	_
32	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
33	crawling	crawl	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	31	acl	_	_
34	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obj	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **devour** | gerund | the wasting of hunger *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of the fiery bolt and bitter destruction | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **send** | future | the teeth of beasts |  |  |  |  | upon beasts *= beast* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **crawl** | gerund | the venom *not said here* | things of the dust |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location thing=Theme |
| 4 | **waste** |  |  | hunger |  |  |  |  | nom wasting «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.32.24, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x3:2
# text = (Torah DEU.32.24, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.32.24	DEU.32.24	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hark! a cry from Horonaim, spoiling and great destruction! (Prophets JER.48.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Hark! a cry from Horonaim, spoiling and great destruction!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x4:1
# text = Hark! a cry from Horonaim, spoiling and great destruction!
1	Hark	Hark	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cry	cry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Horonaim	Horonaim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	spoiling	spoil	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spoil** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JER.48.3, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x4:2
# text = (Prophets JER.48.3, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JER.48.3	JER.48.3	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hark! battle is in the land, and great destruction. (Prophets JER.50.22, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Hark! battle is in the land, and great destruction.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x5:1
# text = Hark! battle is in the land, and great destruction.
1	Hark	Hark	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
3	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Hark battle |  |  | the land and great destruction |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JER.50.22, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x5:2
# text = (Prophets JER.50.22, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JER.50.22	JER.50.22	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thy tongue deviseth destruction; like a sharp razor, working deceitfully. (Writings PSA.52.4, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Thy tongue deviseth destruction; like a sharp razor, working deceitfully.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x6:1
# text = Thy tongue deviseth destruction; like a sharp razor, working deceitfully.
1	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	deviseth	devise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	razor	razor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	working	work	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
12	deceitfully	deceitfully	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **devise** | present | Thy tongue | destruction |  |  |  | like a sharp razor | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent destruction=Patient |
| 2 | **work** | gerund | Thy tongue *not said here* |  |  |  |  | deceitfully *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.52.4, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x6:2
# text = (Writings PSA.52.4, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.52.4	PSA.52.4	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tornado left a path of destruction across the town.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x7:1
# text = The tornado left a path of destruction across the town.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tornado	tornado	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	across	across	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | the tornado | a path of destruction |  | the town |  |  | vn leave-51.2-1 «NP V NP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme path=Source across town=Destination |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The destruction of rainforests harms many animals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x8:1
# text = The destruction of rainforests harms many animals.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	rainforests	rainforest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	harms	harm	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **harm** | present | the destruction of rainforests | many animals |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus animal=Experiencer |
| 2 | **destroy** |  |  | rainforests |  |  |  |  | nom destruction «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Firefighters tried to stop the destruction of the old barn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x9:1
# text = Firefighters tried to stop the destruction of the old barn.
1	Firefighters	firefighter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tried	try	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	barn	barn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **try** | past | Firefighters |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **stop** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Firefighters *not said here* | the destruction of the old barn |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality destruction=Eventuality |
| 3 | **destroy** |  |  | the old barn |  |  |  |  | nom destruction «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The puppy caused total destruction in the living room.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x10:1
# text = The puppy caused total destruction in the living room.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	total	total	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	living	living	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | the puppy | total destruction |  | the living room |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition destruction=Patient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Volcanoes can bring great destruction to nearby villages.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x11:1
# text = Volcanoes can bring great destruction to nearby villages.
1	Volcanoes	volcano	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	nearby	nearby	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	villages	village	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | can | Volcanoes | great destruction |  | nearby villages |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent destruction=Theme to village=Destination |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The film showed the destruction of the ancient city.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x12:1
# text = The film showed the destruction of the ancient city.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the film | the destruction of the ancient city |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent destruction=Recipient |
| 2 | **destroy** |  |  | the ancient city |  |  |  |  | nom destruction «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pollution leads to the destruction of coral reefs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x13:1
# text = Pollution leads to the destruction of coral reefs.
1	Pollution	pollution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	leads	lead	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	coral	coral	NOUN	NN	_	8	compound	_	_
8	reefs	reef	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | present | Pollution |  |  |  |  | to the destruction of coral reefs | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to destruction=Patient |
| 2 | **destroy** |  |  | coral reefs |  |  |  |  | nom destruction «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keep it, it has only led to his destruction.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:destruction:x14:1
# text = Keep it, it has only led to his destruction.
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	led	lead	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	parataxis	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* | it |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 2 | **lead** | present · perfect · passive |  | it |  | his destruction |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to destruction=Destination |
| 3 | **destroy** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom destruction «act transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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