---
title: dictionary — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dictionary» in the Judaism dictionary: A dictionary is a book or website that lists words in alphabetical order and tells you what they mean, how to spell and say them. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dictionary

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** dictionary, book, words, Frey, Isaac, Hebrew Dictionary · **What happens:** be, list, tell, mean, spell, say · **To what, where:** book, words, alphabetical order, you, one language, names · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«dictionary» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dictionary in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/dictionary.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A dictionary is a book or website that lists words in alphabetical order and tells you what they mean, how to spell and say them.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dictionary:m1:1
# text = A dictionary is a book or website that lists words in alphabetical order and tells you what they mean, how to spell and say them.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	website	website	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	lists	list	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	alphabetical	alphabetical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	iobj	_	_
17	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	19	obj	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	mean	mean	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	23	advmod	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	spell	spell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	ccomp	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	conj	_	_
26	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a dictionary | a book or website |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **list** | present | a book or website | words |  | alphabetical order |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | a book or website *not said here* |  | you |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 4 | **mean** | present | words *= word* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **spell** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive |  | words *= word* |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent they=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A book that gives the words of one language in another language, like an English–French dictionary.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dictionary:m2:1
# text = A book that gives the words of one language in another language, like an English–French dictionary.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	det	_	_
12	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	like	like	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
16	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	–	-	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | a book | the words of one language in another language |  |  |  | like a English French dictionary | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme |
| 2 | **word** |  |  | one language in another language |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: computing — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A list of names paired with values in a computer program.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dictionary:m3:1
# text = A list of names paired with values in a computer program.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	list	list	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	paired	pair	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	values	value	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	program	program	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pair** | participle |  | names *not said here* |  | a computer program |  | with values | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Patient with value=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **list** |  |  | names |  |  |  |  | nom list «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Frey in his dictionary gives ChHM as the plural word, lives, or vitae. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Frey in his dictionary gives ChHM as the plural word, lives, or vitae.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dictionary:x1:1
# text = Frey in his dictionary gives ChHM as the plural word, lives, or vitae.
1	Frey	Frey	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	ChHM	ChHM	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	iobj	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	plural	plural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	lives	life	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	vitae	vita	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | Frey in Frey's dictionary |  | ChHM |  |  | as the plural word and lives or vitae | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chhm=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dictionary:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This passage is explained by Isaac Satanow in his Hebrew Dictionary entitled Sephath Emeth, p. 44, b: (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dictionary:x2:1
# text = This passage is explained by Isaac Satanow in his Hebrew Dictionary entitled Sephath Emeth, p. 44, b: (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	passage	passage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	explained	explain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Isaac	Isaac	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl:agent	_	_
7	Satanow	Satanow	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	ccomp	_	_
10	Hebrew	Hebrew	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	Dictionary	Dictionary	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	entitled	entitle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	Sephath	Sephath	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	Emeth	Emeth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	p.	P.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod:unmarked	_	_
17	44	44	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	b	B	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
21	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	appos	_	_
23	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	flat	_	_
26	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	25	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	25	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | present · passive | Isaac | this passage |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |
| 2 | **entitle** | past | Hebrew Dictionary | Sephath  44  p. |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bible dictionaries generally give the word as Cherubim, but in Hebrew the initial letter is always K and not Ch. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Bible dictionaries generally give the word as Cherubim, but in Hebrew the initial letter is always K and not Ch.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dictionary:x3:1
# text = Bible dictionaries generally give the word as Cherubim, but in Hebrew the initial letter is always K and not Ch.
1	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	dictionaries	dictionary	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	generally	generally	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Cherubim	Cherubim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
10	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Hebrew	Hebrew	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	initial	initial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	18	advmod	_	_
18	K	K	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	Ch	Ch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | Bible dictionaries | the word |  |  |  | as Cherubim; generally *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the initial letter | K and Ch |  | Hebrew |  | always *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dictionary:x3:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Look up «enormous» in the dictionary.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dictionary:x4:1
# text = Look up «enormous» in the dictionary.
1	Look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	enormous	enormous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look up** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | enormous *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our teacher keeps a big dictionary on her desk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dictionary:x5:1
# text = Our teacher keeps a big dictionary on her desk.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | Our teacher | a big dictionary |  | teacher's desk |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent dictionary=Theme on desk=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I used an online dictionary to check the spelling.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dictionary:x6:1
# text = I used an online dictionary to check the spelling.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	online	online	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	check	check	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | I | a online dictionary |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dictionary=Patient |
| 2 | **check** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | the spelling |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spelling=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She bought a French dictionary for her holiday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dictionary:x7:1
# text = She bought a French dictionary for her holiday.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | She | a French dictionary |  |  |  | for her holiday | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent dictionary=Theme for holiday=Beneficiary |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Words in a dictionary are in alphabetical order.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dictionary:x8:1
# text = Words in a dictionary are in alphabetical order.
1	Words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	alphabetical	alphabetical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Words in a dictionary |  |  | alphabetical order |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dictionary says «colour» is spelled «color» in the US.

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dictionary:x9:1
# text = The dictionary says «colour» is spelled «color» in the US.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	spelled	spell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	ccomp	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	color	color	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the dictionary |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **spell** | present · passive |  | colour |  |  |  | color in the US *obl* | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My little brother has a picture dictionary.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dictionary:x10:1
# text = My little brother has a picture dictionary.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | My little brother | a picture dictionary |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dictionary=Patient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The youth who knew the dictionary and newspaper by heart had a black horse, and he who knew all about the corporation laws received a milk-white steed.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dictionary:x11:1
# text = The youth who knew the dictionary and newspaper by heart had a black horse, and he who knew all about the corporation laws received a milk-white steed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
19	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
20	all	all	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	about	about	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	corporation	corporation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	laws	law	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nsubj	_	_
25	received	receive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
27	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	steed	steed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | past | the youth | the dictionary and newspaper |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer dictionary=Stimulus |
| 2 | **have** | past | heart | a black horse |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Patient |
| 3 | **know** | past | heart |  |  |  |  | all *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **receive** | past | the corporation laws | a white steed |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent steed=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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