---
title: dim — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dim» in the Judaism dictionary: Dim means not bright. A dim light gives only a little light. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dim

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Dim, dim light, this, word form, eyes, Israel · **What happens:** mean, give, dim, be, become, see · **To what, where:** little light, Dim short way, hundred, natural force, him, gold

<!-- .vabout -->
«dim» in the Judaism dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dim in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/dim.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dim means not bright. A dim light gives only a little light.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Dim means not bright.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:m1:1
# text = Dim means not bright.
1	Dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Dim |  |  |  |  | bright *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* A dim light gives only a little light.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:m1:2
# text = A dim light gives only a little light.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | a dim light | a little light |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To dim is to make or become less bright.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:m2:1
# text = To dim is to make or become less bright.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	dim	dim	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
8	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	9	advmod	_	_
9	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dim** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | make *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **become** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | bright *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dim can mean hard to see or remember.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:m3:1
# text = Dim can mean hard to see or remember.
1	Dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	remember	remember	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Dim |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | Dim *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **remember** | infinitive | Dim *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In everyday talk, dim can mean not clever (this can be rude).

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:m4:1
# text = In everyday talk, dim can mean not clever (this can be rude).
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	everyday	everyday	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	talk	talk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	dim	dim	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	nsubj	_	_
12	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
14	rude	rude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | dim |  |  |  |  | in everyday talk; clever *property* | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in talk=Attribute |
| 2 | **is** | can | this |  |  |  |  | rude *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dim can also be a short way of writing "diminutive", a word form that means small.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:m5:1
# text = Dim can also be a short way of writing "diminutive", a word form that means small.
1	Dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	diminutive	diminutive	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
19	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can |  | a Dim short way |  |  |  | of writing | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present | a word form |  |  |  |  | small *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now the eyes of Israel were dim for age, so that he could not see. (Torah GEN.48.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Now the eyes of Israel were dim for age, so that he could not see.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x1:1
# text = Now the eyes of Israel were dim for age, so that he could not see.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
11	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	16	mark	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	fixed	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
14	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
16	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the eyes of Israel |  |  |  | for age; now | dim *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **see** | could | Israel |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.48.10, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.48.10, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.48.10	GEN.48.10	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Moses was a hundred and twenty years old when he died: his eye was not dim, nor his natural force abated. (Torah DEU.34.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Moses was a hundred and twenty years old when he died: his eye was not dim, nor his natural force abated.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x2:1
# text = And Moses was a hundred and twenty years old when he died: his eye was not dim, nor his natural force abated.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	twenty	twenty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	conj	_	_
8	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl:unmarked	_	_
9	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
10	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	12	advmod	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
18	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	23	cc	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
22	natural	natural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
24	abated	abate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Moses | a hundred |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **die** | past | Moses |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **not** **is** | past | Moses's eye |  |  |  |  | dim *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **abate** | participle |  | Moses's natural force *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.34.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x2:2
# text = (Torah DEU.34.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.34.7	DEU.34.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But if the priest look on it, and, behold, there be no white hairs therein, and it be not lower than the skin, but be dim, then the priest shall shut him up seven days. (Torah LEV.13.21, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* But if the priest look on it, and, behold, there be no white hairs therein, and it be not lower than the skin, but be dim, then the priest shall shut him up seven days.

<!-- fold The tree, 35 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x3:1
# text = But if the priest look on it, and, behold, there be no white hairs therein, and it be not lower than the skin, but be dim, then the priest shall shut him up seven days.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
11	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	14	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	14	expl	_	_
14	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
15	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	17	det	_	_
16	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	hairs	hair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
18	therein	therein	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
22	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	cop	_	_
23	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
24	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	conj	_	_
25	than	than	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
29	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
30	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	cop	_	_
31	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
33	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	37	advmod	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nsubj	_	_
36	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
37	shut	shut	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	conj	_	_
38	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	obj	_	_
39	up	up	ADP	RP	_	37	compound:prt	_	_
40	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	41	nummod	_	_
41	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | infinitive | the priest |  |  |  |  | on it | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on it=Theme |
| 2 | **be** | infinitive | no white hairs |  |  | there |  | therein *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **is** | infinitive | priest |  |  |  |  | than the skin; low *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | dim *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **shut up** | shall | the priest | him *= he* |  |  | then; day |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah LEV.13.21, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x3:2
# text = (Torah LEV.13.21, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	LEV.13.21	LEV.13.21	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How is the gold become dim! (Writings LAM.4.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* How is the gold become dim!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x4:1
# text = How is the gold become dim!
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	become	become	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | the gold |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **become** | present | the gold |  |  |  |  | dim *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings LAM.4.1, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x4:2
# text = (Writings LAM.4.1, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	LAM.4.1	LAM.4.1	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For this our heart is faint, for these things our eyes are dim; (Writings LAM.5.17, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x5:1
# text = For this our heart is faint, for these things our eyes are dim; (Writings LAM.5.17, JPS 1917)
1	For	for	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
10	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
11	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	appos	_	_
18	LAM.5.17	LAM.5.17	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	flat	_	_
21	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | our heart |  |  |  |  | faint *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | our eyes |  |  |  |  | for this things; dim *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And it came to pass at that time, when Eli was laid down in his place — now his eyes had begun to wax dim, that he could not see— (Prophets 1SA.3.2, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 33 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x6:1
# text = And it came to pass at that time, when Eli was laid down in his place — now his eyes had begun to wax dim, that he could not see— (Prophets 1SA.3.2, JPS 1917)
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	13	mark	_	_
11	Eli	Eli	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
14	down	down	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
18	—	-	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
19	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	23	advmod	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
22	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	begun	begin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	parataxis	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
25	wax	wax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
28	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
29	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
30	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
31	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	32	advmod	_	_
32	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	35	punct	_	_
34	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
36	1SA.3.2	1SA.3.2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	35	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
38	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	appos	_	_
39	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	38	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	38	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | it | Prophets |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **lay down** | past · passive |  | Eli |  | Eli's place |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in place=Destination |
| 4 | **begin** | past · perfect | Eli's eyes |  |  |  | now | dim *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 5 | **not** **see** | could | Eli |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The room was dim.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x7:1
# text = The room was dim.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the room |  |  |  |  | dim *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She dimmed the lights for the film.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x8:1
# text = She dimmed the lights for the film.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	dimmed	dim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	lights	light	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dim** | past | She | the lights |  |  |  | for the film | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent light=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A dim lamp uses less power.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x9:1
# text = A dim lamp uses less power.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | a dim lamp | less power |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dim star was hard to see.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x10:1
# text = The dim star was hard to see.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the dim star |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | the dim star *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The light grew dim at dusk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x11:1
# text = The light grew dim at dusk.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	dusk	dusk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | the light |  |  |  | dusk | dim *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wear something bright on dim evenings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x12:1
# text = Wear something bright on dim evenings.
1	Wear	wear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	_
3	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	evenings	evening	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | imperative | you *not said here* | something |  |  | evening |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent something=Theme |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I have a dim memory of my first birthday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x13:1
# text = I have a dim memory of my first birthday.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	memory	memory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	9	amod	_	_
9	birthday	birthday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | I | a dim memory of my first birthday |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent memory=Patient |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All the streets and lanes of Paris were to be seen here again, as in a dim reflection.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dim:x14:1
# text = All the streets and lanes of Paris were to be seen here again, as in a dim reflection.
1	All	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	3	det:predet	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	streets	street	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	lanes	lane	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Paris	Paris	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
12	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
13	again	again	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	reflection	reflection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past · passive |  | all streets of Paris and lanes |  | here | again | as a dim reflection | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as reflection=Attribute |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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