---
title: direction — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «direction» in the Judaism dictionary: A direction is the way something goes, faces or points, like north, left, up or forwards. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# direction

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** direction, something, Directions, instructions, film director, He · **What happens:** be, go, leave, tell, get, do · **To what, where:** way, faces, instructions, you, something, people · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«direction» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [direction in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/direction.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A direction is the way something goes, faces or points, like north, left, up or forwards.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:m1:1
# text = A direction is the way something goes, faces or points, like north, left, up or forwards.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nsubj	_	_
7	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	faces	face	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	points	point	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
14	north	north	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
16	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	up	up	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	forwards	forwards	ADV	RB	_	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a direction | the way |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | present | something | faces or points |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location way=Theme |
| 3 | **leave** | participle | something *not said here* |  |  |  |  | north *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Directions are instructions that tell you how to get somewhere, or how to do something.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:m2:1
# text = Directions are instructions that tell you how to get somewhere, or how to do something.
1	Directions	direction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	instructions	instruction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	tell	tell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	iobj	_	_
7	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
10	somewhere	somewhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	15	advmod	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
16	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Directions | instructions |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | instructions |  | you |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **get** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | somewhere *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **do** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Direction is also leading or guiding people, like a film director does.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:m3:1
# text = Direction is also leading or guiding people, like a film director does.
1	Direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	leading	lead	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	guiding	guide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	director	director	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | present · progressive | Direction |  |  |  |  |  | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 2 | **guide** | gerund | Direction *not said here* | people |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme |
| 3 | **do** | present | a film director |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He selected three letters from the simple ones, and sealed them as forming his great Name, I H V and he sealed the universe in six directions. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* He selected three letters from the simple ones, and sealed them as forming his great Name, I H V and he sealed the universe in six directions.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x1:1
# text = He selected three letters from the simple ones, and sealed them as forming his great Name, I H V and he sealed the universe in six directions.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	selected	select	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	simple	simple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	sealed	seal	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	forming	form	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	Name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	H	h	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
21	V	v	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	sealed	seal	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	universe	universe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	29	nummod	_	_
29	directions	direction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | past | He | three letters |  |  |  | from the simple ones | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent letter=Theme from one=Source |
| 2 | **seal** | past | He *not said here* | letters *= letter* |  |  |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 3 | **form** | gerund | He *not said here* | his great Name |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location name=Theme |
| 4 | **h** | present | I | V |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **seal** | past | he | the universe |  | six directions |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent universe=Patient |
| 6 | **name** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1887	1887	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their development in three directions is pointed out, namely in the Macrocosm or Universe ; in the Year or in Time ; and in the Microcosm or Man. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Their development in three directions is pointed out, namely in the Macrocosm or Universe ; in the Year or in Time ; and in the Microcosm or Man.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x2:1
# text = Their development in three directions is pointed out, namely in the Macrocosm or Universe ; in the Year or in Time ; and in the Microcosm or Man.
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	development	development	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	directions	direction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	pointed	point	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	out	out	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	namely	namely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Macrocosm	macrocosm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	Universe	universe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	Year	Year	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Time	Time	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
23	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	Microcosm	microcosm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
28	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
29	Man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **point out** | present · passive |  | Their development in three directions |  |  | in the Year or Time | Microcosm Man *obl* | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Patient in year=Theme |
| 2 | **develop** |  | Their *= they* |  |  | three directions |  |  | nom development «act transitive»: poss=agent in=place |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x2:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
These symbolize also twelve directions in space: northeast, southeast, the east above, the east below, the northwest, southwest, the west above, the west below, the upper south, the lower south, the upper north, the lower north. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* These symbolize also twelve directions in space: northeast, southeast, the east above, the east below, the northwest, southwest, the west above, the west below, the upper south, the lower south, the upper north, the lower north.

<!-- fold The tree, 36 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x3:1
# text = These symbolize also twelve directions in space: northeast, southeast, the east above, the east below, the northwest, southwest, the west above, the west below, the upper south, the lower south, the upper north, the lower north.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	symbolize	symbolize	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	directions	direction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
9	northeast	northeast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	southeast	southeast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	east	east	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
15	above	above	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	east	east	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
19	below	below	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	northwest	northwest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	southwest	southwest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	west	west	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
28	above	above	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	west	west	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
32	below	below	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	south	south	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
39	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	40	amod	_	_
40	south	south	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
43	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	44	amod	_	_
44	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
47	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	48	amod	_	_
48	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **symbolize** | imperative | you *not said here* | twelve directions and northeast and southeast and the east and the east and the northwest and southwest and the west and the west and the upper south and the lower south and the upper north and the lower north |  |  |  | in space | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot direction=Theme in space=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x3:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1887	1887	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Where no wise direction is, a people falleth; but in the multitude of counsellors there is safety. (Writings PRO.11.14, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Where no wise direction is, a people falleth; but in the multitude of counsellors there is safety.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x4:1
# text = Where no wise direction is, a people falleth; but in the multitude of counsellors there is safety.
1	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	9	advmod	_	_
2	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
3	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	falleth	fall	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	multitude	multitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	ccomp	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	counsellors	counsellor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
17	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	18	expl	_	_
18	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	parataxis	_	_
19	safety	safety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | no wise direction |  |  |  |  | where *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **fall** | present | a people |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **be** | present | safety |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PRO.11.14, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x4:2
# text = (Writings PRO.11.14, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PRO.11.14	PRO.11.14	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
of the sons of Asaph: Zaccur, and Joseph, and Nethaniah, and Asarelah, the sons of Asaph; under the hand of Asaph, who prophesied according to the direction of the king. (Writings 1CH.25.2, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* of the sons of Asaph: Zaccur, and Joseph, and Nethaniah, and Asarelah, the sons of Asaph; under the hand of Asaph, who prophesied according to the direction of the king.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x5:1
# text = of the sons of Asaph: Zaccur, and Joseph, and Nethaniah, and Asarelah, the sons of Asaph; under the hand of Asaph, who prophesied according to the direction of the king.
1	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Asaph	Asaph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	Zaccur	Zaccur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	Joseph	Joseph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	Nethaniah	Nethaniah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	Asarelah	Asarelah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	appos	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Asaph	Asaph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	under	under	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Asaph	Asaph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	30	nsubj	_	_
30	prophesied	prophesy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	conj	_	_
31	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	34	case	_	_
32	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	fixed	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prophesy** | past | the hand of Asaph |  |  |  |  | accord the direction of the king | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings 1CH.25.2, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x5:2
# text = (Writings 1CH.25.2, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	1CH.25.2	1CH.25.2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Two cars go in opposite directions.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x6:1
# text = Two cars go in opposite directions.
1	Two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	opposite	opposite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	directions	direction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | Two cars |  |  | opposite directions |  |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in direction=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They walk in the same direction.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x7:1
# text = They walk in the same direction.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	walk	walk	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | present | They |  |  | the same direction |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in direction=Trajectory |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which direction is north?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x8:1
# text = Which direction is north?
1	Which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	north	north	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | which direction |  |  |  |  | north *property* | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Follow the directions on the map.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x9:1
# text = Follow the directions on the map.
1	Follow	follow	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	directions	direction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | imperative | you *not said here* | the directions |  | the map |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent direction=Theme on map=Trajectory |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can you give me directions to the station?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x10:1
# text = Can you give me directions to the station?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	directions	direction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	station	station	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | can | you | directions | me |  |  | to the station | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient direction=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Read the directions before you start the test.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x11:1
# text = Read the directions before you start the test.
1	Read	read	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	directions	direction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	start	start	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | imperative | you *not said here* | the directions |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent direction=Topic |
| 2 | **start** | present | you | the test |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent test=Eventuality |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wind changed direction.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x12:1
# text = The wind changed direction.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past | the wind | direction |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent direction=Patient |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She has a good sense of direction and never gets lost.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:direction:x13:1
# text = She has a good sense of direction and never gets lost.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | She | a good sense of direction |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sense=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **get** | present | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **lose** | participle | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **sense** |  |  | direction |  |  |  |  | nom sense «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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