---
title: discernment — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «discernment» in the Judaism dictionary: The ability to see clearly the difference between things, such as right and wrong or true and false; good judgment and understanding. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# discernment

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** discernment, His, Discretion, Job, words · **What happens:** see, search out, discern, watch, guard, speak · **To what, where:** difference, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«discernment» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [discernment in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/discernment.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ability to see clearly the difference between things, such as right and wrong or true and false; good judgment and understanding.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:discernment:m1:1
# text = The ability to see clearly the difference between things, such as right and wrong or true and false; good judgment and understanding.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ability	ability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl	_	_
5	clearly	clearly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	difference	difference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	between	between	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	fixed	_	_
13	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	parataxis	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	false	false	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	judgment	judgment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	understanding	understanding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | to-infinitive |  | the difference and things |  |  |  | clearly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer difference=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His discernment is past searching out. (Prophets ISA.40.28, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* His discernment is past searching out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:discernment:x1:1
# text = His discernment is past searching out.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	discernment	discernment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	past	past	ADP	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	searching	search	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **search out** | present · progressive | His discernment |  |  |  |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **discern** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom discernment «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.40.28, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:discernment:x1:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.40.28, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.40.28	ISA.40.28	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Discretion shall watch over thee, discernment shall guard thee; (Writings PRO.2.11, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:discernment:x2:1
# text = Discretion shall watch over thee, discernment shall guard thee; (Writings PRO.2.11, JPS 1917)
1	Discretion	discretion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	watch	watch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	discernment	discernment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	guard	guard	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
10	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	parataxis	_	_
14	PRO.2.11	PRO.2.11	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	flat	_	_
17	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch** | shall | Discretion |  |  | thee |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over thou=Location |
| 2 | **guard** | shall | discernment | thee |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Beneficiary |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'Job speaketh without knowledge, and his words are without discernment.' (Writings JOB.34.35, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* 'Job speaketh without knowledge, and his words are without discernment.'

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:discernment:x3:1
# text = 'Job speaketh without knowledge, and his words are without discernment.'
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Job	Job	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	speaketh	speak	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	without	without	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	without	without	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	discernment	discernment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | Job |  |  |  |  | without knowledge | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | Job's words |  |  |  |  | without discernment | tree rules |
| 3 | **word** |  | Job |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.34.35, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:discernment:x3:2
# text = (Writings JOB.34.35, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.34.35	JOB.34.35	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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