---
title: dropping — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dropping» in the Judaism dictionary: Dropping means letting something fall, or falling. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dropping

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Dropping, something, Droppings, continual dropping, foolish son, contentions · **What happens:** mean, let, fall, become, drop, be · **To what, where:** temperatures, poo, someone, them, car, curtsey · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«dropping» in the Judaism dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dropping in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/dropping.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dropping means letting something fall, or falling.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:m1:1
# text = Dropping means letting something fall, or falling.
1	Dropping	dropping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	letting	let	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	nsubj	_	_
5	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Dropping |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **let** *not said to happen* | gerund | Dropping *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **fall** | infinitive | something |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **fall** | gerund | Dropping *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dropping means becoming lower or less, like dropping temperatures.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:m2:1
# text = Dropping means becoming lower or less, like dropping temperatures.
1	Dropping	dropping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	becoming	become	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	dropping	drop	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	_
10	temperatures	temperature	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Dropping |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **become** *not said to happen* | gerund | Dropping *not said here* |  |  |  |  | low *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **drop** | gerund | Dropping *not said here* | temperatures |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent temperature=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Droppings are the poo of animals and birds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:m3:1
# text = Droppings are the poo of animals and birds.
1	Droppings	dropping	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	poo	poo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Droppings | the poo |  |  |  | of animals and birds | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dropping someone off means taking them somewhere in a car and leaving them there.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:m4:1
# text = Dropping someone off means taking them somewhere in a car and leaving them there.
1	Dropping	drop	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	_
3	off	off	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	taking	take	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	somewhere	somewhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	5	advmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	conj	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop off** | gerund |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present | Dropping |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **take** *not said to happen* | gerund | Dropping *not said here* | them *= they* |  | a car |  | somewhere *property* | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent they=Value in car=Location |
| 4 | **leave** | gerund | Dropping *not said here* | them *= they* |  | there |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To drop a curtsey means to bend the knees and lower the body as a polite greeting.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:m5:1
# text = To drop a curtsey means to bend the knees and lower the body as a polite greeting.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	drop	drop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	curtsey	curtsey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	bend	bend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	knees	knee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	lower	lower	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	polite	polite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	greeting	greeting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop** | to-infinitive |  | a curtsey |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent curtsey=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **bend** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | the knees |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent knee=Material |
| 4 | **lower** | present |  | the body |  |  |  | as a polite greeting | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A continual dropping in a very rainy day and a contentious woman are alike; (Writings PRO.27.15, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:x1:1
# text = A continual dropping in a very rainy day and a contentious woman are alike; (Writings PRO.27.15, JPS 1917)
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	continual	continual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	dropping	dropping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	rainy	rainy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	contentious	contentious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	alike	alike	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
18	PRO.27.15	PRO.27.15	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	flat	_	_
21	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a continual dropping in a rainy day and a contentious woman |  |  |  |  | Writings *obl*; alike *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A foolish son is the calamity of his father; and the contentions of a wife are a continual dropping. (Writings PRO.19.13, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A foolish son is the calamity of his father; and the contentions of a wife are a continual dropping.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:x2:1
# text = A foolish son is the calamity of his father; and the contentions of a wife are a continual dropping.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	foolish	foolish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	calamity	calamity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	contentions	contention	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	continual	continual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	dropping	dropping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a foolish son | the calamity |  |  |  | of his father | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the contentions of a wife | a continual dropping |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **contend** |  | a wife |  |  |  |  |  | nom contention «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PRO.19.13, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:x2:2
# text = (Writings PRO.19.13, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PRO.19.13	PRO.19.13	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His cheeks are as a bed of spices, as banks of sweet herbs; his lips are as lilies, dropping with flowing myrrh. (Writings SNG.5.13, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* His cheeks are as a bed of spices, as banks of sweet herbs; his lips are as lilies, dropping with flowing myrrh.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:x3:1
# text = His cheeks are as a bed of spices, as banks of sweet herbs; his lips are as lilies, dropping with flowing myrrh.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cheeks	cheek	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	spices	spice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	banks	bank	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	herbs	herb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	lips	lip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
18	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	lilies	lily	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	dropping	drop	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	acl	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	flowing	flow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	25	amod	_	_
25	myrrh	myrrh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | His cheeks |  |  |  |  | as a bed and lilies; of spices and banks of sweet herbs | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | his lips |  |  |  |  | as lilies | tree rules |
| 3 | **drop** | gerund | lilies *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with flowing myrrh | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **flow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings SNG.5.13, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:x3:2
# text = (Writings SNG.5.13, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	SNG.5.13	SNG.5.13	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stop dropping crumbs on the floor!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:x4:1
# text = Stop dropping crumbs on the floor!
1	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	dropping	drop	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **drop** | gerund | you *not said here* | crumbs |  | the floor |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent crumb=Theme on floor=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The temperature is dropping fast tonight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:x5:1
# text = The temperature is dropping fast tonight.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	dropping	drop	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	_
6	tonight	tonight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop** | present · progressive | the temperature |  |  |  | tonight | fast *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad is dropping me off at school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:x6:1
# text = Dad is dropping me off at school.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	dropping	drop	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop off** | present · progressive | Dad | me |  | school |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent i=Theme at school=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There were bird droppings on the car.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:x7:1
# text = There were bird droppings on the car.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	droppings	dropping	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | bird droppings |  |  | the car; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on car=Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mouse droppings show there are mice in the house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:x8:1
# text = Mouse droppings show there are mice in the house.
1	Mouse	mouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	droppings	dropping	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	show	show	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	5	expl	_	_
5	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	mice	mouse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | Mouse droppings |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **does** | present | mice |  |  | the house; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in house=Location |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He kept dropping the ball.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:x9:1
# text = He kept dropping the ball.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	dropping	drop	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **drop** | gerund | He *not said here* | the ball |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I was dropping off to sleep when the phone rang.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:x10:1
# text = I was dropping off to sleep when the phone rang.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	dropping	drop	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	sleep	sleep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	rang	ring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop off** | past · progressive | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **sleep** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **ring** | past | the phone |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
‘If you please, sire,’ said the Princess, dropping a curtsey.

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:dropping:x11:1
# text = ‘If you please, sire,’ said the Princess, dropping a curtsey.
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	please	please	INTJ	UH	_	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	sire	sire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Princess	Princess	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	dropping	drop	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	curtsey	curtsey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sire** *a condition, not said to happen* |  | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Princess |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **drop** | gerund | the Princess *not said here* | a curtsey |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent curtsey=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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