---
title: elder — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «elder» in the Judaism dictionary: Elder means older, often said of a brother or sister: «my elder sister». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# elder

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Elder, Moses, elders, David, you, his · **What happens:** mean, say, be, respect, withdraw, elder · **To what, where:** older, older person, family, small tree, camp, man · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«elder» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 15 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [elder in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/elder.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Elder means older, often said of a brother or sister: «my elder sister».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:m1:1
# text = Elder means older, often said of a brother or sister: «my elder sister».
1	Elder	elder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	often	often	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
15	elder	elder	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Elder | older |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | participle | Elder *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of a brother or sister; often *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An elder is an older person, often one who is respected and wise in a family or group.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:m2:1
# text = An elder is an older person, often one who is respected and wise in a family or group.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	elder	elder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	often	often	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	appos	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	respected	respect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a elder | a older person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **respect** | present · passive |  |  |  | a family or group |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An elder is a small tree with white flowers and dark berries (elderberries).

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:m3:1
# text = An elder is a small tree with white flowers and dark berries (elderberries).
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	elder	elder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	berries	berry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	elderberries	elderberry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a elder | a small tree |  |  |  | with white flowers and dark berries | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Moses withdrew into the camp, he and the elders of Israel. (Torah NUM.11.30, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Moses withdrew into the camp, he and the elders of Israel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x1:1
# text = And Moses withdrew into the camp, he and the elders of Israel.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	withdrew	withdraw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	elders	elder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **withdraw** | past | Moses |  |  | the camp |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into camp=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **elder** |  | Moses |  |  |  |  | of Israel | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah NUM.11.30, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x1:2
# text = (Torah NUM.11.30, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	NUM.11.30	NUM.11.30	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the elders of that city shall take the man and chastise him. (Torah DEU.22.18, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the elders of that city shall take the man and chastise him.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x2:1
# text = And the elders of that city shall take the man and chastise him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	elders	elder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	chastise	chastise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | shall | the elders of that city |  | the man |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument man=Destination |
| 2 | **chastise** | infinitive | the elders of that city *not said here* | man |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.22.18, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x2:2
# text = (Torah DEU.22.18, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.22.18	DEU.22.18	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Moses and Aaron went and gathered together all the elders of the children of Israel. (Torah EXO.4.29, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Moses and Aaron went and gathered together all the elders of the children of Israel.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x3:1
# text = And Moses and Aaron went and gathered together all the elders of the children of Israel.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	Aaron	Aaron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	gathered	gather	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
8	together	together	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	11	det:predet	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	elders	elder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | Moses and Aaron |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **gather** | past | Moses and Aaron *not said here* | all elders of the children of Israel |  |  |  | together *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent elder=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.4.29, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x3:2
# text = (Torah EXO.4.29, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.4.29	EXO.4.29	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the saying pleased Absalom well, and all the elders of Israel. (Prophets 2SA.17.4, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the saying pleased Absalom well, and all the elders of Israel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x4:1
# text = And the saying pleased Absalom well, and all the elders of Israel.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	saying	saying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	pleased	pleased	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	Absalom	Absalom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
6	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	11	det:predet	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	elders	elder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 2SA.17.4, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x4:2
# text = (Prophets 2SA.17.4, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	2SA.17.4	2SA.17.4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then David and the elders, clothed in sackcloth, fell upon their faces. (Writings 1CH.21.16, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Then David and the elders, clothed in sackcloth, fell upon their faces.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x5:1
# text = Then David and the elders, clothed in sackcloth, fell upon their faces.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	elders	elder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	clothed	clothe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl:relcl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sackcloth	sackcloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
11	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	faces	face	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clothe** | participle |  | David and the elders *not said here* |  |  |  | in sackcloth | vn dress-41.1.1-1-2 «Passive»: agent=Pivot in sackcloth=Theme |
| 2 | **fall** | past | David and the elders |  |  | David's faces |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon face=Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings 1CH.21.16, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x5:2
# text = (Writings 1CH.21.16, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	1CH.21.16	1CH.21.16	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To bind his princes at his pleasure, and teach his elders wisdom. (Writings PSA.105.22, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* To bind his princes at his pleasure, and teach his elders wisdom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x6:1
# text = To bind his princes at his pleasure, and teach his elders wisdom.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	bind	bind	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	princes	prince	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	pleasure	pleasure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	teach	teach	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	elders	elder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	compound	_	_
13	wisdom	wisdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bind** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | his princes |  | his pleasure |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prince=Patient |
| 2 | **teach** *speech: other* | imperative | you *not said here* | his elders wisdom |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent wisdom=Recipient |
| 3 | **please** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom pleasure «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.105.22, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x6:2
# text = (Writings PSA.105.22, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.105.22	PSA.105.22	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her elder brother is 12.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x7:1
# text = Her elder brother is 12.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	elder	elder	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Her elder brother | 12 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His elder sister is 4 years older than him.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x8:1
# text = His elder sister is 4 years older than him.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	elder	elder	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | His elder sister |  |  |  | year | than him *= he*; old *property* | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The elder sister is twice as old as the younger.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x9:1
# text = The elder sister is twice as old as the younger.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	elder	elder	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	twice	twice	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	7	advmod	_	_
6	as	as	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the elder sister |  |  |  |  | old, twice *property* | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How old is the elder child?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x10:1
# text = How old is the elder child?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	elder	elder	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | the old elder child |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The village elders met to decide.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x11:1
# text = The village elders met to decide.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	elders	elder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	met	meet	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	decide	decide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meet** | past | the village elders |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **decide** | to-infinitive | the village elders *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Be polite to your elders.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x12:1
# text = Be polite to your elders.
1	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	cop	_	_
2	polite	polite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	elders	elder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to your elders; polite *property* | tree rules |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is the eldest of four children.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x13:1
# text = She is the eldest of four children.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	eldest	eld	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | She |  |  |  |  | of four children; eld *property* | tree rules |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We made jam from elderberries.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x14:1
# text = We made jam from elderberries.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	made	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	jam	jam	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	elderberries	elderberry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jam** | may | We |  |  | elderberries |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent |

## Example 15 {#x15}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The elder brother was very angry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elder:x15:1
# text = The elder brother was very angry.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	elder	elder	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the elder brother |  |  |  |  | angry *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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