---
title: elementary — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «elementary» in the Judaism dictionary: Very simple and basic, the first thing to learn. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# elementary

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Air, This, you, Wind · **What happens:** learn, not make, serve, condense, form, be · **To what, where:** nature, two elementary substances, solid elementary Earth, Fire, Water, elementary sum

<!-- .vabout -->
«elementary» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [elementary in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/elementary.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very simple and basic, the first thing to learn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elementary:m1:1
# text = Very simple and basic, the first thing to learn.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	simple	simple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	basic	basic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	amod	_	_
8	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Basic in nature, not made of other parts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elementary:m2:1
# text = Basic in nature, not made of other parts.
1	Basic	Basic	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **make** | participle |  | nature *not said here* |  |  |  | of other parts | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For an illustration may serve the twenty-two elementary substances by the primitive substance of Aleph (א). (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* For an illustration may serve the twenty-two elementary substances by the primitive substance of Aleph (א).

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elementary:x1:1
# text = For an illustration may serve the twenty-two elementary substances by the primitive substance of Aleph (א).
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	illustration	illustration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	serve	serve	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
7	twenty	twenty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
10	elementary	elementary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	substances	substance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	primitive	primitive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Aleph	Aleph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	א	א	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **serve** | may |  | the two elementary substances |  |  |  | for a illustration; by the primitive substance of Aleph | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent substance=Theme for illustration=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elementary:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For an illustration may serve the twenty-two elementary substances by the primitive substance of Aleph \[25\] (א). (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* For an illustration may serve the twenty-two elementary substances by the primitive substance of Aleph \[25\] (א).

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elementary:x2:1
# text = For an illustration may serve the twenty-two elementary substances by the primitive substance of Aleph [25] (א).
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	illustration	illustration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	serve	serve	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
7	twenty	twenty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
10	elementary	elementary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	substances	substance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	primitive	primitive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Aleph	Aleph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	25	25	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	19	punct	_	_
21	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	א	א	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **serve** | may |  | the two elementary substances |  |  |  | for a illustration; by the primitive substance of Aleph | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent substance=Theme for illustration=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elementary:x2:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Air, Vayu ; then Water, Apas, which condenses into solid elementary Earth, Prithivi ; and lastly from the Water He formed Fire. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Air, Vayu ; then Water, Apas, which condenses into solid elementary Earth, Prithivi ; and lastly from the Water He formed Fire.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elementary:x3:1
# text = Air, Vayu ; then Water, Apas, which condenses into solid elementary Earth, Prithivi ; and lastly from the Water He formed Fire.
1	Air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	Vayu	Vayu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
4	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
6	Water	Water	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Apas	Apas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	condenses	condense	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	into	into	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	solid	solid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	elementary	elementary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	Prithivi	Prithivi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	lastly	lastly	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
21	from	from	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	Water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
24	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	formed	form	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
26	Fire	Fire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **condense** | present | Air |  |  | solid elementary Earth and Prithivi |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **form** | past | Air | Fire |  | the Water |  | lastly *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent fire=Result from water=Material |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elementary:x3:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This is an elementary sum for beginners.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elementary:x4:1
# text = This is an elementary sum for beginners.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	elementary	elementary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sum	sum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	beginners	beginner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | This | a elementary sum |  |  |  | for beginners | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Learn the elementary rules before you move on.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elementary:x5:1
# text = Learn the elementary rules before you move on.
1	Learn	learn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	elementary	elementary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	move	move	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
8	on	on	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | imperative | you *not said here* | the elementary rules |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Topic |
| 2 | **move on** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wind is an elementary force of nature.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:elementary:x6:1
# text = Wind is an elementary force of nature.
1	Wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	elementary	elementary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Wind | a elementary force |  |  |  | of nature | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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