---
title: encourage — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «encourage» in the Judaism dictionary: To encourage someone is to give them hope, confidence or support so they keep trying. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# encourage

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** hope, Nun, Joshua, Israel, you, people · **What happens:** encourage, be, keep, try, happen, grow · **To what, where:** someone, them, something, thee, thou, Israel · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«encourage» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [encourage in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/encourage.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To encourage someone is to give them hope, confidence or support so they keep trying.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:m1:1
# text = To encourage someone is to give them hope, confidence or support so they keep trying.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	encourage	encourage	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	csubj	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	iobj	_	_
8	hope	hope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	confidence	confidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	support	support	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	keep	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
16	trying	try	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **encourage** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  | them *= they* |  |  | give *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **keep** | present | hope |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **try** | gerund | hope *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To encourage something is to help it happen or grow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:m2:1
# text = To encourage something is to help it happen or grow.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	encourage	encourage	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	help	help	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **encourage** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | help *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **happen** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **grow** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Joshua the son of Nun, who standeth before thee, he shall go in thither; encourage thou him, for he shall cause Israel to inherit it. (Torah DEU.1.38, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Joshua the son of Nun, who standeth before thee, he shall go in thither; encourage thou him, for he shall cause Israel to inherit it.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x1:1
# text = Joshua the son of Nun, who standeth before thee, he shall go in thither; encourage thou him, for he shall cause Israel to inherit it.
1	Joshua	Joshua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Nun	Nun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	standeth	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	before	before	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	thither	thither	ADV	RB	_	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
18	encourage	encourage	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	14	parataxis	_	_
19	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	18	obj	_	_
20	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
26	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	inherit	inherit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	xcomp	_	_
29	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | present | Nun |  |  | thee |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before thou=Location |
| 2 | **go** | shall | Joshua |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in thither=Location |
| 3 | **encourage** | infinitive |  | thou |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Stimulus thou=Experiencer he=Result |
| 4 | **cause** | shall | Joshua | Israel |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **inherit** | to-infinitive | Israel *not said here* | it |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.1.38, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x1:2
# text = (Torah DEU.1.38, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.1.38	DEU.1.38	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But charge Joshua, and encourage him, and strengthen him; for he shall go over before this people, and he shall cause them to inherit the land which thou shalt see.' (Torah DEU.3.28, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* But charge Joshua, and encourage him, and strengthen him; for he shall go over before this people, and he shall cause them to inherit the land which thou shalt see.'

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x2:1
# text = But charge Joshua, and encourage him, and strengthen him; for he shall go over before this people, and he shall cause them to inherit the land which thou shalt see.'
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc	_	_
2	charge	charge	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Joshua	Joshua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	encourage	encourage	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	strengthen	strengthen	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
17	over	over	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
18	before	before	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	20	det	_	_
20	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
26	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	inherit	inherit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	xcomp	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
31	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	34	obj	_	_
32	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	34	nsubj	_	_
33	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **charge** | imperative | you *not said here* | Joshua |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location joshua=Theme |
| 2 | **encourage** | infinitive | you *not said here* | Joshua |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 3 | **strengthen** | infinitive | you *not said here* | Joshua |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
| 4 | **go over** | shall | Joshua |  |  |  | before this people | over *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme before people=Location |
| 5 | **cause** | shall | Joshua | people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **inherit** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* | the land |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Theme |
| 7 | **see** | shall | thou | the land |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer which=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.3.28, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x2:2
# text = (Torah DEU.3.28, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.3.28	DEU.3.28	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We encourage the use of public domain materials for these purposes and may be able to help. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* We encourage the use of public domain materials for these purposes and may be able to help.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x3:1
# text = We encourage the use of public domain materials for these purposes and may be able to help.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	encourage	encourage	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	domain	domain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	materials	material	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	11	det	_	_
11	purposes	purpose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	cop	_	_
15	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **encourage** | present | We | the use of public domain materials for this purposes |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent use=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | may | We *not said here* |  |  |  |  | able *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **help** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **use** |  |  | public domain materials for this purposes |  |  |  |  | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x3:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the day that I called, Thou didst answer me; Thou didst encourage me in my soul with strength. (Writings PSA.138.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In the day that I called, Thou didst answer me; Thou didst encourage me in my soul with strength.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x4:1
# text = In the day that I called, Thou didst answer me; Thou didst encourage me in my soul with strength.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	obj	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
8	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	nsubj	_	_
9	didst	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	answer	answer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
11	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	nsubj	_	_
14	didst	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
15	encourage	encourage	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
16	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past | I | the day |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent that=Recipient |
| 2 | **do** | past | Thou |  |  |  | day |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **answer** *speech: assert* | infinitive | Thou *not said here* |  | me |  |  |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent i=Eventuality |
| 4 | **do** | past | Thou |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **encourage** | infinitive | Thou *not said here* | me |  | my soul with strength |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.138.3, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x4:2
# text = (Writings PSA.138.3, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.138.3	PSA.138.3	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he set the priests in their charges, and encouraged them to the service of the house of the LORD. (Writings 2CH.35.2, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And he set the priests in their charges, and encouraged them to the service of the house of the LORD.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x5:1
# text = And he set the priests in their charges, and encouraged them to the service of the house of the LORD.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	set	set	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	priests	priest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	charges	charge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	encouraged	encourage	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	service	service	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **set** | past | he | the priests |  | priests's charges |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent priest=Theme in charge=Destination |
| 2 | **encourage** | past | he *not said here* | priests *= priest* |  |  |  | to the service of the house of the LORD | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 3 | **charge** |  | priests *= priest* |  |  |  |  |  | nom charge «act transitive»: poss=agent |
| 4 | **service** |  |  | the house of the LORD |  |  |  |  | nom service «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings 2CH.35.2, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x5:2
# text = (Writings 2CH.35.2, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	2CH.35.2	2CH.35.2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They encourage one another in an evil matter; they converse of laying snares secretly; they ask, who would see them. (Writings PSA.64.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* They encourage one another in an evil matter; they converse of laying snares secretly; they ask, who would see them.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x6:1
# text = They encourage one another in an evil matter; they converse of laying snares secretly; they ask, who would see them.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	encourage	encourage	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	obj	_	_
4	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	fixed	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	evil	evil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	matter	matter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	converse	converse	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	laying	lay	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
14	snares	snare	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
15	secretly	secretly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	ask	ask	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
21	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	ccomp	_	_
23	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **encourage** | present | They | one |  | a evil matter |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme |
| 2 | **converse** *speech: other* | present | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn chit\_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **lay** | gerund | they *not said here* | snares |  |  |  | secretly *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snare=Result |
| 4 | **ask** *speech: ask* | present | snares *= snare* |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **see** | would |  | snares *= snare* |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.64.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x6:2
# text = (Writings PSA.64.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.64.6	PSA.64.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My teacher encouraged me to read more.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x7:1
# text = My teacher encouraged me to read more.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	encouraged	encourage	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
7	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **encourage** | past | My teacher | me |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
| 2 | **read** | to-infinitive | My teacher *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We cheered to encourage the runners.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x8:1
# text = We cheered to encourage the runners.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cheered	cheer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	encourage	encourage	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	runners	runner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cheer** | past | We |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **encourage** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | the runners |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent runner=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum encourages me to try new food.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x9:1
# text = Mum encourages me to try new food.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	encourages	encourage	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	try	try	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **encourage** | present | Mum | me |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9 «NP V NP how S\_INF»: agent=Agent i=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **try** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | me *not said here* | new food |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Eventuality |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Warm weather encourages plants to grow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x10:1
# text = Warm weather encourages plants to grow.
1	Warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	encourages	encourage	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **encourage** | present | Warm weather | plants |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Theme |
| 2 | **grow** | to-infinitive | Warm weather *not said here* | plants *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her kind words were very encouraging.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x11:1
# text = Her kind words were very encouraging.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	encouraging	encourage	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **encourage** | past · progressive | Her kind words |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **word** |  | Her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Encourage your friends when they find things hard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x12:1
# text = Encourage your friends when they find things hard.
1	Encourage	encourage	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	find	find	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **encourage** | imperative | you *not said here* | your friends |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Theme |
| 2 | **find** | present | friends *= friend* | things |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Topic |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The coach encouraged us to keep trying.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x13:1
# text = The coach encouraged us to keep trying.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	encouraged	encourage	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
7	trying	try	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **encourage** | past | the coach | us |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme |
| 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive | the coach *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **try** | gerund | the coach *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The young man, thus encouraged, began his tale.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:encourage:x14:1
# text = The young man, thus encouraged, began his tale.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	encouraged	encourage	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
8	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **encourage** | participle |  | the young man *not said here* |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **begin** | past | the young man | man's tale |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tale=Eventuality |
| 3 | **tell** |  | man |  |  |  |  |  | nom tale «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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