---
title: envelope — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «envelope» in the Judaism dictionary: An envelope is a flat paper cover in which you put a letter or card before posting it. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# envelope

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** envelope, you, covering, She, name, winner · **What happens:** be, put, post, wrap, envelop, surround · **To what, where:** flat paper cover, letter, envelope, covering, something, it

<!-- .vabout -->
«envelope» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [envelope in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/envelope.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An envelope is a flat paper cover in which you put a letter or card before posting it.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envelope:m1:1
# text = An envelope is a flat paper cover in which you put a letter or card before posting it.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	envelope	envelope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	cover	cover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	card	card	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	posting	post	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a envelope | a flat paper cover |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **put** | past | you | a letter or card |  | a flat paper cover |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent letter=Theme in which=Destination |
| 3 | **post** | gerund | you *not said here* | envelope |  |  |  |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An envelope can be any covering that wraps something, like the layer of gases around a planet.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envelope:m2:1
# text = An envelope can be any covering that wraps something, like the layer of gases around a planet.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	envelope	envelope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
5	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	det	_	_
6	covering	covering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	wraps	wrap	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	layer	layer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	gases	gas	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
16	around	around	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	planet	planet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | a envelope | any covering |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **wrap** | present | any covering | something |  |  |  | like the layer of gases around a planet | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent something=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To envelop something is to wrap it or surround it completely.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envelope:m3:1
# text = To envelop something is to wrap it or surround it completely.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	envelop	envelop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	wrap	wrap	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	surround	surround	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	completely	completely	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **envelop** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme something=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | wrap *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **surround** | infinitive |  | it |  |  |  | completely *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put the letter in the envelope and lick the flap.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envelope:x1:1
# text = Put the letter in the envelope and lick the flap.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	envelope	envelope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	lick	lick	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	flap	flap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | the letter |  | the envelope |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent letter=Theme in envelope=Destination |
| 2 | **lick** | present | you *not said here* | the flap |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent flap=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write the address clearly on the envelope.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envelope:x2:1
# text = Write the address clearly on the envelope.
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	address	address	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	clearly	clearly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	envelope	envelope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | imperative | you *not said here* | the address |  | the envelope |  | clearly *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent address=Theme on envelope=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stick the stamp in the top right corner of the envelope.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envelope:x3:1
# text = Stick the stamp in the top right corner of the envelope.
1	Stick	stick	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	stamp	stamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	top	top	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	corner	corner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	envelope	envelope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stick** | imperative | you *not said here* | the stamp |  | the top right corner of the envelope |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent stamp=Theme in corner=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She opened the envelope and found a birthday card.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envelope:x4:1
# text = She opened the envelope and found a birthday card.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	envelope	envelope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	birthday	birthday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	card	card	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past | She | the envelope |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location envelope=Theme |
| 2 | **find** | past | She *not said here* | a birthday card |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent card=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The winner's name was in a sealed envelope.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envelope:x5:1
# text = The winner's name was in a sealed envelope.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	winner	winner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	sealed	seal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	envelope	envelope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seal** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | past | the winner's name |  |  | a sealed envelope |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **name** |  | the winner |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We did a quick sum on the back of an envelope.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envelope:x6:1
# text = We did a quick sum on the back of an envelope.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	quick	quick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sum	sum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	envelope	envelope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | We | a quick sum |  | the back of a envelope |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sum=Eventuality |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pilot liked to push the envelope.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envelope:x7:1
# text = The pilot liked to push the envelope.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pilot	pilot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	liked	like	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	push	push	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	envelope	envelope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **like** | past | the pilot |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **push** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the pilot *not said here* | the envelope |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent envelope=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Dryad saw herself enveloped in lace and silk, like the women of wealth and of high birth around her.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envelope:x8:1
# text = The Dryad saw herself enveloped in lace and silk, like the women of wealth and of high birth around her.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Dryad	Dryad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	herself	herself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obj	_	_
5	enveloped	envelop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	lace	lace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	silk	silk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	wealth	wealth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	birth	birth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
20	around	around	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | the Dryad | Dryad |  |  |  | like the women of wealth and high birth around her | tree rules |
| 2 | **envelop** | participle | Dryad *not said here* |  |  | lace and silk |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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