---
title: envious — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «envious» in the Judaism dictionary: Wanting something that someone else has, and feeling unhappy or annoyed that you do not have it; jealous. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# envious

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** someone, Wanting, you, thou, Fret, that · **What happens:** want, have, feel, not have, not be, be · **To what, where:** something, it, wicked, unrighteousness, beach, him

<!-- .vabout -->
«envious» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [envious in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/envious.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wanting something that someone else has, and feeling unhappy or annoyed that you do not have it; jealous.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envious:m1:1
# text = Wanting something that someone else has, and feeling unhappy or annoyed that you do not have it; jealous.
1	Wanting	want	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	csubj	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	obj	_	_
4	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nsubj	_	_
5	else	else	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	feeling	feel	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
10	unhappy	unhappy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	annoyed	annoyed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
13	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
15	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
17	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
20	jealous	jealous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | gerund |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot something=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | present | someone |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Patient |
| 3 | **feel** | gerund | Wanting |  |  |  |  | unhappy *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **not** **have** | present · do-support | you | it |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Be not thou envious of evil men, neither desire to be with them. (Writings PRO.24.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Be not thou envious of evil men, neither desire to be with them.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envious:x1:1
# text = Be not thou envious of evil men, neither desire to be with them.
1	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
3	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
4	envious	envious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	evil	evil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	neither	neither	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	10	det	_	_
10	desire	desire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | infinitive | thou |  |  |  |  | of evil men; envious *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with men *= man* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PRO.24.1, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envious:x1:2
# text = (Writings PRO.24.1, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PRO.24.1	PRO.24.1	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fret not thyself because of evildoers, neither be thou envious at the wicked; (Writings PRO.24.19, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envious:x2:1
# text = Fret not thyself because of evildoers, neither be thou envious at the wicked; (Writings PRO.24.19, JPS 1917)
1	Fret	fret	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	thyself	thyself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Style=Arch	1	appos	_	_
4	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	6	case	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	evildoers	evildoer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	11	cc:preconj	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	cop	_	_
10	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	nsubj	_	_
11	envious	envious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	appos	_	_
18	PRO.24.19	PRO.24.19	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	flat	_	_
21	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | infinitive | thou |  |  | the wicked |  | envious *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fret not thyself because of evil-doers, neither be thou envious against them that work unrighteousness. (Writings PSA.37.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Fret not thyself because of evil-doers, neither be thou envious against them that work unrighteousness.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envious:x3:1
# text = Fret not thyself because of evil-doers, neither be thou envious against them that work unrighteousness.
1	Fret	fret	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	thyself	thyself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Style=Arch	1	nmod	_	_
4	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	8	case	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	doers	doer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	13	cc:preconj	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	cop	_	_
12	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nsubj	_	_
13	envious	envious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
14	against	against	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	work	work	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	parataxis	_	_
18	unrighteousness	unrighteousness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | infinitive | Fret  thyself because evil doers |  |  |  |  | against doers *= doer*; envious *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **work** | present | that | unrighteousness |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent unrighteousness=Material |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.37.1, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envious:x3:2
# text = (Writings PSA.37.1, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.37.1	PSA.37.1	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tom was envious of his friend's new bike.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envious:x4:1
# text = Tom was envious of his friend's new bike.
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	envious	envious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Tom |  |  |  |  | of Tom's friend's new bike; envious *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Joseph's brothers were envious of his special coat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envious:x5:1
# text = Joseph's brothers were envious of his special coat.
1	Joseph	Joseph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	brothers	brother	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	envious	envious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Joseph's brothers |  |  |  |  | of Joseph's special coat; envious *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She cast envious looks at the girl with the puppy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envious:x6:1
# text = She cast envious looks at the girl with the puppy.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cast	cast	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	envious	envious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	nsubj	_	_
4	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cast** | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent clause=Attribute |
| 2 | **look** | present | envious |  |  |  |  | at the girl with the puppy | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at girl=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I'm a bit envious that you're going to the beach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envious:x7:1
# text = I'm a bit envious that you're going to the beach.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	envious	envious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	're	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | a bit *obl:unmarked*; envious *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | present · progressive | you |  |  | the beach |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to beach=Initial\_Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being envious made him unhappy all day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envious:x8:1
# text = Being envious made him unhappy all day.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	cop	_	_
2	envious	envious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	csubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	unhappy	unhappy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | envious *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | past |  | him *= he* |  |  | day | unhappy *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset he=Product |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The envious stepsisters were cruel to Cinderella.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envious:x9:1
# text = The envious stepsisters were cruel to Cinderella.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	envious	envious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	stepsisters	stepsister	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Cinderella	Cinderella	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the envious stepsisters |  | Cinderella |  |  | cruel *property* | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And with this the envious brother was forced to be content.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:envious:x10:1
# text = And with this the envious brother was forced to be content.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
3	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	nsubj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	envious	envious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	forced	force	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	cop	_	_
11	content	content	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **force** | past · passive |  |  |  |  |  | with the envious brother | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP» |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | content *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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