---
title: era — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «era» in the Judaism dictionary: An era is a long period of history with special features or events, like the Victorian era. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# era

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** era, Mesozoic Era, We, Some, others, Queen · **What happens:** be, live, mark, know, begin, accord · **To what, where:** long period, geology, period, book, third century, sexagesimal position · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«era» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [era in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/era.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An era is a long period of history with special features or events, like the Victorian era.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:era:m1:1
# text = An era is a long period of history with special features or events, like the Victorian era.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	era	era	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	features	feature	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	events	event	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	Victorian	victorian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	era	era	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a era | a long period |  |  |  | of history; with special features or events and the Victorian era | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In geology, an era is a very long period of Earth's history, like the Mesozoic Era when dinosaurs lived.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:era:m2:1
# text = In geology, an era is a very long period of Earth's history, like the Mesozoic Era when dinosaurs lived.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	geology	geology	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	era	era	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	very	very	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	like	like	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	Mesozoic	Mesozoic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	Era	Era	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
20	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	22	advmod	_	_
21	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
22	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a era | a long period |  | geology |  | of Earth's history | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | past | the Mesozoic Era |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An era is any period marked by something new, as in «the era of smartphones».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:era:m3:1
# text = An era is any period marked by something new, as in «the era of smartphones».
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	era	era	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	marked	mark	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obl:agent	_	_
9	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	era	era	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	smartphones	smartphone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a era | any period |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mark** | participle |  | any period *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hence this book was known already in the second or at the beginning of the third century of the Christian Era. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Hence this book was known already in the second or at the beginning of the third century of the Christian Era.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:era:x1:1
# text = Hence this book was known already in the second or at the beginning of the third century of the Christian Era.
1	Hence	hence	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	already	already	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	obl	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	beginning	beginning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	17	amod	_	_
17	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	Christian	Christian	PROPN	NNP	_	21	flat	_	_
21	Era	Era	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | past · passive |  | this book |  |  |  | in the second or the beginning of the third century of the Christian Era; hence *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **begin** |  |  | the third century of the Christian Era |  |  |  |  | nom beginning «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:era:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We are, however, now certain that in Babylon, many centuries before the Christian Era. a sexagesimal position was known. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* We are, however, now certain that in Babylon, many centuries before the Christian Era. a sexagesimal position was known.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:era:x2:1
# text = We are, however, now certain that in Babylon, many centuries before the Christian Era. a sexagesimal position was known.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	however	however	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
7	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	centuries	century	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
14	before	before	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	Christian	Christian	PROPN	NNP	_	17	flat	_	_
17	Era	Era	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	sexagesimal	sexagesimal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | We |  |  |  | now | certain, however *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **know** | past · passive |  | a sexagesimal position |  | Babylon and many centuries before the Christian Era |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:era:x2:2
# text = (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some of them believe it to be a production of the first or the second century R. 0. ; others place it in the Geonic period, ranging from the seventh to the ninth centuries of the Christian Era. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Some of them believe it to be a production of the first or the second century R. 0. ; others place it in the Geonic period, ranging from the seventh to the ninth centuries of the Christian Era.

<!-- fold The tree, 37 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:era:x3:1
# text = Some of them believe it to be a production of the first or the second century R. 0. ; others place it in the Geonic period, ranging from the seventh to the ninth centuries of the Christian Era.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	nmod	_	_
4	believe	believe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	production	production	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	ccomp	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	9	nmod	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	16	amod	_	_
16	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
17	R.	R.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
18	0	0	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
21	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
22	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	Geonic	Geonic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	ranging	range	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
30	from	from	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	seventh	seventh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
33	to	to	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	ninth	ninth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	centuries	century	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obl	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
39	Christian	Christian	PROPN	NNP	_	40	flat	_	_
40	Era	Era	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | present | Some | it |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive |  | a production or the second century |  |  |  | of the first | tree rules |
| 3 | **place** |  | others |  |  | the Geonic period |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **range** | gerund | Some *not said here* |  |  | the seventh | century |  | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from seventh=Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:era:x3:2
# text = (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Queen Victoria gave her name to the Victorian era.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:era:x4:1
# text = Queen Victoria gave her name to the Victorian era.
1	Queen	Queen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Victoria	Victoria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Victorian	victorian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	era	era	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | Queen | Queen's name | the Victorian era |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent name=Theme to era=Recipient |
| 2 | **name** |  | Queen |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dinosaurs lived in the Mesozoic Era.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:era:x5:1
# text = Dinosaurs lived in the Mesozoic Era.
1	Dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Mesozoic	Mesozoic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	Era	Era	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | Dinosaurs |  |  | the Mesozoic Era |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in era=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The internet started a new era.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:era:x6:1
# text = The internet started a new era.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	internet	internet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	era	era	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | past | the internet | a new era |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent era=Eventuality |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When our head teacher retired, it was the end of an era.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:era:x7:1
# text = When our head teacher retired, it was the end of an era.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	retired	retire	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	era	era	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **retire** | past | our head teacher |  |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | past | teacher | the end |  |  |  | of a era | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Steam trains were common in that era.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:era:x8:1
# text = Steam trains were common in that era.
1	Steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	trains	train	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	era	era	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Steam trains |  |  | that era |  | common *property* | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A new era seemed to have arisen in the poor studio.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:era:x9:1
# text = A new era seemed to have arisen in the poor studio.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	era	era	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux	_	_
7	arisen	arise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	xcomp	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	studio	studio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seem** | past | a new era |  |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 2 | **arise** | to-infinitive · perfect | a new era *not said here* |  |  | the poor studio |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in studio=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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