---
title: erroneously — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «erroneously» in the Judaism dictionary: Wrongly; by mistake; in a way that is not correct. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# erroneously

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** way, author, Judah, People, goldfish, bats · **What happens:** not be, signify, think, believe, have, send · **To what, where:** second memory, letter, wrong house, answer, It, price · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«erroneously» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [erroneously in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/erroneously.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wrongly; by mistake; in a way that is not correct.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:erroneously:m1:1
# text = Wrongly; by mistake; in a way that is not correct.
1	Wrongly	wrongly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	correct	correct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | a way |  |  |  |  | correct *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
II, that the author signifies by the word "Tohu," nothing, and not something, as Judah Halevi erroneously thought. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* II, that the author signifies by the word "Tohu," nothing, and not something, as Judah Halevi erroneously thought.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:erroneously:x1:1
# text = II, that the author signifies by the word "Tohu," nothing, and not something, as Judah Halevi erroneously thought.
1	II	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	signifies	signify	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	Tohu	Tohu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	_
14	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
18	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
20	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
21	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
22	Halevi	Halevi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	flat	_	_
23	erroneously	erroneously	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **signify** | present | the author |  |  |  |  | by the word | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | past | Judah |  |  |  |  | erroneously *property* | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:erroneously:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People erroneously believe that goldfish have a three-second memory.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:erroneously:x2:1
# text = People erroneously believe that goldfish have a three-second memory.
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	erroneously	erroneously	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	believe	believe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	goldfish	goldfish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
8	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	11	amod	_	_
11	memory	memory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | present | People |  |  |  |  | erroneously *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **have** | present | goldfish | a second memory |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent memory=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The letter was erroneously sent to the wrong house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:erroneously:x3:1
# text = The letter was erroneously sent to the wrong house.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	erroneously	erroneously	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past · passive |  | the letter |  | the wrong house |  | erroneously *property* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to house=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The answer was erroneously marked as correct.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:erroneously:x4:1
# text = The answer was erroneously marked as correct.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	erroneously	erroneously	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	marked	mark	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	correct	correct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mark** | past · passive |  | the answer |  |  |  | as correct; erroneously *property* | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme as correct=Attribute |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is erroneously claimed that bats are blind.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:erroneously:x5:1
# text = It is erroneously claimed that bats are blind.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	erroneously	erroneously	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	claimed	claim	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	bats	bat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **claim** *speech: other* | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  | erroneously *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | present | bats |  |  |  |  | blind *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The price was erroneously listed as one pound.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:erroneously:x6:1
# text = The price was erroneously listed as one pound.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	price	price	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	erroneously	erroneously	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	listed	list	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	pound	pound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **list** | past · passive |  | the price |  |  |  | as one pound; erroneously *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He erroneously added the numbers instead of subtracting them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:erroneously:x7:1
# text = He erroneously added the numbers instead of subtracting them.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	erroneously	erroneously	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	added	add	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=SCONJ	8	mark	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	subtracting	subtract	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | past | He | the numbers |  |  |  | erroneously *property* | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Patient |
| 2 | **subtract** | gerund | the numbers *not said here* | numbers *= number* |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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