---
title: ether — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ether» in the Judaism dictionary: A colourless liquid with a strong smell that evaporates easily; it was used long ago to put patients to sleep for operations. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ether

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** strong smell, people, invisible substance, substance, Spirit, Doctors · **What happens:** evaporate, use, put, sleep, think, fill · **To what, where:** colourless liquid, patients, invisible substance, light, ether, Akasa · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«ether» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ether in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/ether.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A colourless liquid with a strong smell that evaporates easily; it was used long ago to put patients to sleep for operations.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ether:m1:1
# text = A colourless liquid with a strong smell that evaporates easily; it was used long ago to put patients to sleep for operations.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	colourless	colourless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	evaporates	evaporate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	easily	easily	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
15	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	16	advmod	_	_
16	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	advcl	_	_
19	patients	patient	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	sleep	sleep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	advcl	_	_
22	for	for	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	operations	operation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **evaporate** | present | a strong smell |  |  |  |  | easily *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **use** | past · passive |  | a colourless liquid with a strong smell |  |  |  | ago *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **put** | to-infinitive |  | patients |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent patient=Goal |
| 4 | **sleep** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | for operations | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An invisible substance that people once thought filled space and carried light; experiments showed it does not exist.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ether:m2:1
# text = An invisible substance that people once thought filled space and carried light; experiments showed it does not exist.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	invisible	invisible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	obj	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
6	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	7	advmod	_	_
7	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
8	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
12	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	experiments	experiment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
15	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
17	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	exist	exist	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | past | people | a invisible substance |  |  |  | once *property* | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent that=Theme space=Attribute |
| 2 | **fill** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **carry** | past | people *not said here* | light |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme |
| 4 | **show** | past | a invisible substance |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **not** **exist** | present · do-support | substance |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: poetic — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The clear sky or upper air.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ether:m3:1
# text = The clear sky or upper air.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Into the ether»: lost or disappeared, especially online or on the radio.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ether:m4:1
# text = «Into the ether»: lost or disappeared, especially online or on the radio.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Into	into	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ether	ether	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	disappeared	disappear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	online	online	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	radio	radio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | participle |  | the ether *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **disappear** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | online *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
First, Spirit (query Akasa, Ether) then (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ether:x1:1
# text = First, Spirit (query Akasa, Ether) then (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	First	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	Spirit	Spirit	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	query	query	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	Akasa	Akasa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Ether	Ether	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	_
10	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **query** | infinitive | Spirit | Akasa |  |  | then | first *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
4) Fire or ether emanated from the water. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* 4) Fire or ether emanated from the water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ether:x2:1
# text = 4) Fire or ether emanated from the water.
1	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	1	punct	_	_
3	Fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	ether	ether	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	emanated	emanate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **emanate** | participle |  | ether *not said here* |  | the water |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP.theme V PP.source»: agent=Theme from water=Source |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ether:x2:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
15) According to the author, the space and six dimensions emanated from the ether. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* 15) According to the author, the space and six dimensions emanated from the ether.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ether:x3:1
# text = 15) According to the author, the space and six dimensions emanated from the ether.
1	15	15	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	1	punct	_	_
3	According	accord	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	dimensions	dimension	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
13	emanated	emanate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	ether	ether	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | to the author  the space and six dimensions *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to author=Goal |
| 2 | **emanate** | participle |  | six dimensions *not said here* |  | the ether |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP.theme V PP.source»: agent=Theme from ether=Source |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ether:x3:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ain, Rimmon, and Ether, and Ashan; four cities with their villages; (Prophets JOS.19.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ether:x4:1
# text = Ain, Rimmon, and Ether, and Ashan; four cities with their villages; (Prophets JOS.19.7, JPS 1917)
1	Ain	ain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	Rimmon	Rimmon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	Ether	Ether	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Ashan	Ashan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	appos	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	villages	village	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	appos	_	_
19	JOS.19.7	JOS.19.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	flat	_	_
22	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Doctors once used ether to put patients to sleep.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ether:x5:1
# text = Doctors once used ether to put patients to sleep.
1	Doctors	doctor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	3	advmod	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	ether	ether	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
7	patients	patient	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	sleep	sleep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | Doctors | ether |  |  |  | once *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ether=Patient |
| 2 | **put** | to-infinitive | Doctors *not said here* | patients |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent patient=Goal |
| 3 | **sleep** | to-infinitive | Doctors *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ether evaporates very quickly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ether:x6:1
# text = Ether evaporates very quickly.
1	Ether	ether	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	evaporates	evaporate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **evaporate** | present | Ether |  |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists once believed light travelled through the ether.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ether:x7:1
# text = Scientists once believed light travelled through the ether.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	3	advmod	_	_
3	believed	believe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	travelled	travel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	through	through	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ether	ether	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | past | Scientists |  |  |  |  | once *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **travel** | past | light |  |  | the ether |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through ether=Trajectory |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Experiments showed there was no ether.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ether:x8:1
# text = Experiments showed there was no ether.
1	Experiments	experiment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	4	expl	_	_
4	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	_
6	ether	ether	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | Experiments |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **be** | past | no ether |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My email just vanished into the ether.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ether:x9:1
# text = My email just vanished into the ether.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	email	email	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	just	just	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	vanished	vanish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ether	ether	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **vanish** | past | My email |  |  | the ether |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **email** |  | My |  |  |  |  |  | nom email «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds flew high in the blue ether.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ether:x10:1
# text = Birds flew high in the blue ether.
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	ether	ether	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | past | Birds |  |  | the blue ether |  | high *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent in ether=Location |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They saw a blue smoke rising, writhing upward till it vanished in the blue ether.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ether:x11:1
# text = They saw a blue smoke rising, writhing upward till it vanished in the blue ether.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	rising	rise	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	writhing	writhe	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	conj	_	_
9	upward	upward	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	vanished	vanish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	ether	ether	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | They | a blue smoke |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer smoke=Stimulus |
| 2 | **rise** | gerund | a blue smoke *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **writhe** | gerund | a blue smoke *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upward *property* | vn body\_internal\_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **vanish** | past | smoke |  |  | the blue ether |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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