---
title: exchange — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «exchange» in the Judaism dictionary: To exchange means to give one thing and get another thing back. An exchange is that swap. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# exchange

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** exchange, pupils, Joseph, He, they, ox · **What happens:** exchange, mean, give, get back, be, get · **To what, where:** one thing, thing, swap, something, shop, different one · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«exchange» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [exchange in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/exchange.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To exchange means to give one thing and get another thing back. An exchange is that swap.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* To exchange means to give one thing and get another thing back.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:m1:1
# text = To exchange means to give one thing and get another thing back.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	exchange	exchange	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
10	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
11	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	back	back	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exchange** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **give** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | one thing |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |
| 4 | **get back** | infinitive |  | another thing |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* An exchange is that swap.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:m1:2
# text = An exchange is that swap.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	exchange	exchange	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	swap	swap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a exchange | that swap |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To exchange something in a shop is to take it back and get a different one.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:m2:1
# text = To exchange something in a shop is to take it back and get a different one.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	exchange	exchange	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	back	back	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	get	get	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exchange** | to-infinitive |  | something |  | a shop |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | take *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **get** | infinitive |  | a different one |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To exchange money is to change it into the money of another country.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:m3:1
# text = To exchange money is to change it into the money of another country.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	exchange	exchange	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	csubj	_	_
3	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	13	det	_	_
13	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exchange** | to-infinitive |  | money |  |  |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | the money of another country |  | change *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An exchange is also a short talk between people, or a school exchange where pupils visit another country.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:m4:1
# text = An exchange is also a short talk between people, or a school exchange where pupils visit another country.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	exchange	exchange	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	talk	talk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	between	between	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	exchange	exchange	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
15	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	17	advmod	_	_
16	pupils	pupil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
17	visit	visit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
18	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	19	det	_	_
19	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a exchange | a short talk |  |  |  | between people | tree rules |
| 2 | **visit** | present | pupils | another country |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent country=Co-Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Joseph gave them bread in exchange for the horses, and for the flocks, and for the herds, and for the asses; and he fed them with bread in exchange for all their cattle for that year. (Torah GEN.47.17, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Joseph gave them bread in exchange for the horses, and for the flocks, and for the herds, and for the asses; and he fed them with bread in exchange for all their cattle for that year.

<!-- fold The tree, 37 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x1:1
# text = And Joseph gave them bread in exchange for the horses, and for the flocks, and for the herds, and for the asses; and he fed them with bread in exchange for all their cattle for that year.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Joseph	Joseph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	exchange	exchange	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	flocks	flock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	herds	herd	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	asses	ass	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	fed	feed	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
30	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	obj	_	_
31	with	with	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
33	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	exchange	exchange	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
35	for	for	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
36	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	38	det:predet	_	_
37	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nmod	_	_
39	for	for	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	41	det	_	_
41	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | Joseph | bread | them *= they* | exchange |  | for the horses; for the flocks; for the herds; for the asses | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent they=Recipient bread=Theme for horse=Asset |
| 2 | **feed** | past | Joseph | asses *= ass* |  | exchange for asses's cattle for that year |  | with bread | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent they=Value in exchange=Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.47.17, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.47.17, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.47.17	GEN.47.17	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He carved them, hewed them, exchanged them, and formed with them the stars in the World and days in the Year and gates in the Person. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* He carved them, hewed them, exchanged them, and formed with them the stars in the World and days in the Year and gates in the Person.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x2:1
# text = He carved them, hewed them, exchanged them, and formed with them the stars in the World and days in the Year and gates in the Person.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	carved	carve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	hewed	hew	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	exchanged	exchange	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	formed	form	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	World	World	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	Year	Year	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	gates	gate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	Person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carve** | past | He | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 2 | **hew** | past | He *not said here* | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 3 | **exchange** | past | He *not said here* | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 4 | **form** | participle | He *not said here* | the stars and days |  | the World | in the Year and gates | with them *= they*; in the Person | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location star=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x2:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	Sefaria	Sefaria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
6	community	community	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	translation	translation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thus they exchanged their glory for the likeness of an ox that eateth grass. (Writings PSA.106.20, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Thus they exchanged their glory for the likeness of an ox that eateth grass.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x3:1
# text = Thus they exchanged their glory for the likeness of an ox that eateth grass.
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	exchanged	exchange	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	glory	glory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	likeness	likeness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	eateth	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exchange** | past | they | their glory |  |  |  | for the likeness of a ox; thus *property* | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent glory=Theme for likeness=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **eat** | present | a ox | grass |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient |
| 3 | **glory** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom glory «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.106.20, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x3:2
# text = (Writings PSA.106.20, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.106.20	PSA.106.20	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gold and glass cannot equal it; neither shall the exchange thereof be vessels of fine gold. (Writings JOB.28.17, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Gold and glass cannot equal it; neither shall the exchange thereof be vessels of fine gold.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x4:1
# text = Gold and glass cannot equal it; neither shall the exchange thereof be vessels of fine gold.
1	Gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	equal	equal	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
9	neither	neither	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
10	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	exchange	exchange	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
13	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	cop	_	_
15	vessels	vessel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **equal** | can | Gold and glass | glass |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | shall | the exchange | vessels |  |  |  | of fine gold; neither *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.28.17, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x4:2
# text = (Writings JOB.28.17, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.28.17	JOB.28.17	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they shall not sell of it, nor exchange, nor alienate the first portion of the land; for it is holy unto the LORD. (Prophets EZK.48.14, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And they shall not sell of it, nor exchange, nor alienate the first portion of the land; for it is holy unto the LORD.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x5:1
# text = And they shall not sell of it, nor exchange, nor alienate the first portion of the land; for it is holy unto the LORD.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	sell	sell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	10	cc	_	_
10	exchange	exchange	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	13	cc	_	_
13	alienate	alienate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	16	amod	_	_
16	portion	portion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
21	for	for	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
24	holy	holy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	_
25	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **sell** | shall | they | exchange |  |  |  | of it | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **alienate** | infinitive | they *not said here* | the first portion of the land |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus portion=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is** | present | portion |  |  |  |  | unto the LORD; holy *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets EZK.48.14, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x5:2
# text = (Prophets EZK.48.14, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZK.48.14	EZK.48.14	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She exchanged 10 stickers for 2 cards.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x6:1
# text = She exchanged 10 stickers for 2 cards.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	exchanged	exchange	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	stickers	sticker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	cards	card	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exchange** | past | She | 10 stickers |  |  |  | for 2 cards | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent sticker=Theme for card=Co-Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You can exchange 1 dollar for 4 quarters.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x7:1
# text = You can exchange 1 dollar for 4 quarters.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	exchange	exchange	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	dollar	dollar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	quarters	quarter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exchange** | can | You | 1 dollar |  |  |  | for 4 quarters | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent dollar=Theme for quarter=Co-Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many cards can he get for 20 stickers?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x8:1
# text = How many cards can he get for 20 stickers?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cards	card	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	stickers	sticker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | can | many cards |  |  |  |  | for 20 stickers | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent for sticker=Source |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They exchanged gifts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x9:1
# text = They exchanged gifts.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	exchanged	exchange	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	gifts	gift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exchange** | past | They | gifts |  |  |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gift=Theme |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I exchanged the shoes for a bigger size.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x10:1
# text = I exchanged the shoes for a bigger size.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	exchanged	exchange	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	amod	_	_
8	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exchange** | past | I | the shoes |  |  |  | for a bigger size | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent shoe=Theme for size=Co-Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The friends exchanged phone numbers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x11:1
# text = The friends exchanged phone numbers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	exchanged	exchange	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exchange** | past | the friends | phone numbers |  |  |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Theme |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In exchange for helping, she got a free ticket.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x12:1
# text = In exchange for helping, she got a free ticket.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	exchange	exchange	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
3	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	helping	help	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	ticket	ticket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | gerund | exchange *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **get** | past | she | a free ticket |  | exchange |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ticket=Stimulus |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A French girl came to our school on an exchange.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x13:1
# text = A French girl came to our school on an exchange.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	exchange	exchange	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | a French girl |  |  | a exchange |  | to our school | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to school=Initial\_Location |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shall we exchange?" he asked the toll-keeper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:exchange:x14:1
# text = Shall we exchange?" he asked the toll-keeper.
1	Shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	exchange	exchange	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	keeper	keeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exchange** | shall | we |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* *in a quote* | past | he | the toll keeper |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent keeper=Recipient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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- ↑ back to [E in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/E/)