---
title: existence — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «existence» in the Judaism dictionary: Being real or being alive; the fact that something exists. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# existence

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** something, phrase, These, They, Scientists, planet · **What happens:** be, exist, mean, follow, put, come · **To what, where:** fact, all, ten spheres, nothing, question, many various beings

<!-- .vabout -->
«existence» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [existence in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/existence.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being real or being alive; the fact that something exists.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:existence:m1:1
# text = Being real or being alive; the fact that something exists.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	cop	_	_
2	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	csubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	cop	_	_
5	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	11	nsubj	_	_
11	exists	exist	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | real *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | alive *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **exist** | present | something | the fact *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A way of living, especially a hard or dull one: «a lonely existence».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:existence:m2:1
# text = A way of living, especially a hard or dull one: «a lonely existence».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	living	living	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
6	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
8	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	dull	dull	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
11	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	lonely	lonely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The phrase "in existence" means existing anywhere at all in the world.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:existence:m3:1
# text = The phrase "in existence" means existing anywhere at all in the world.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	phrase	phrase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	existing	exist	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	xcomp	_	_
9	anywhere	anywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	8	advmod	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | the phrase in existence |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **exist** *not said to happen* | gerund | the phrase in existence *not said here* |  |  | all |  | anywhere *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at all=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
These are the ten spheres of existence out of nothing. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* These are the ten spheres of existence out of nothing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:existence:x1:1
# text = These are the ten spheres of existence out of nothing.
1	These	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	spheres	sphere	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	out	out	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | These | the ten spheres |  | nothing |  | of existence | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:existence:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The following are the ten categories of existence out of nothing: (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:existence:x2:1
# text = The following are the ten categories of existence out of nothing: (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
2	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	case	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	categories	category	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
15	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	flat	_	_
18	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | follow the ten categories; of existence out nothing; Sefer *nmod* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They then put the question, how came so many various beings into existence? (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* They then put the question, how came so many various beings into existence?

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:existence:x3:1
# text = They then put the question, how came so many various beings into existence?
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
3	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
8	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	various	various	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	beings	being	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
13	into	into	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | They | the question |  |  | then |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent question=Goal |
| 2 | **come** | past | They *not said here* | many various beings |  | existence |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location being=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:existence:x3:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists proved the existence of the planet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:existence:x4:1
# text = Scientists proved the existence of the planet.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	proved	prove	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	planet	planet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prove** | past | Scientists | the existence of the planet |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent existence=Theme |
| 2 | **exist** |  | the planet |  |  |  |  |  | nom existence «state intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fossils show the existence of dinosaurs long ago.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:existence:x5:1
# text = Fossils show the existence of dinosaurs long ago.
1	Fossils	fossil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	show	show	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	advmod	_	_
8	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | Fossils | the existence of dinosaurs |  |  |  | ago *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent existence=Recipient |
| 2 | **exist** |  | dinosaurs |  |  |  |  |  | nom existence «state intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The club came into existence when we were in Year 3.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:existence:x6:1
# text = The club came into existence when we were in Year 3.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	club	club	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Year	Year	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
11	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the club |  |  | existence |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into existence=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **is** | past | we |  |  |  | in Year |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The poor mouse led a lonely existence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:existence:x7:1
# text = The poor mouse led a lonely existence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	mouse	mouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	lonely	lonely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | past | the poor mouse | a lonely existence |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent existence=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do you believe in the existence of ghosts?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:existence:x8:1
# text = Do you believe in the existence of ghosts?
1	Do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	believe	believe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	ghosts	ghost	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | present · do-support | you |  |  | the existence of ghosts |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **exist** |  | ghosts |  |  |  |  |  | nom existence «state intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some animals are fighting for their existence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:existence:x9:1
# text = Some animals are fighting for their existence.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	fighting	fight	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | present · progressive | some animals |  |  |  |  | for animals's existence | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **exist** |  | animals *= animal* |  |  |  |  |  | nom existence «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This must be the best watering-place in existence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:existence:x10:1
# text = This must be the best watering-place in existence.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	amod	_	_
6	watering	watering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | must | This | the best watering place |  | existence |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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