---
title: extinguish — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «extinguish» in the Judaism dictionary: To extinguish a fire or light is to put it out so it stops burning or shining. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# extinguish

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** light, I, moon, Firefighters, you, fire blanket · **What happens:** extinguish, be, stop, burn, shine, end · **To what, where:** fire, something, thee, heaven, stars, sun

<!-- .vabout -->
«extinguish» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [extinguish in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/extinguish.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To extinguish a fire or light is to put it out so it stops burning or shining.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:extinguish:m1:1
# text = To extinguish a fire or light is to put it out so it stops burning or shining.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	extinguish	extinguish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	out	out	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
12	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
15	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	xcomp	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	shining	shine	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **extinguish** | to-infinitive |  | a fire or light |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent fire=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | put *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **stop** | present | light |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **burn** | gerund | light *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **shine** | gerund | light *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To end or destroy something such as hope.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:extinguish:m2:1
# text = To end or destroy something such as hope.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	end	end	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	destroy	destroy	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	_
6	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	8	case	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	hope	hope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **end** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **destroy** | infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | such hope | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And when I shall extinguish thee, I will cover the heaven, and make the stars thereof black; I will cover the sun with a cloud, and the moon shall not give her light. (Prophets EZK.32.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And when I shall extinguish thee, I will cover the heaven, and make the stars thereof black; I will cover the sun with a cloud, and the moon shall not give her light.

<!-- fold The tree, 33 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:extinguish:x1:1
# text = And when I shall extinguish thee, I will cover the heaven, and make the stars thereof black; I will cover the sun with a cloud, and the moon shall not give her light.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	extinguish	extinguish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	cover	cover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
18	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
22	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	cover	cover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
26	with	with	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	moon	moon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	_
33	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	35	aux	_	_
34	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	35	advmod	_	_
35	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	conj	_	_
36	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **extinguish** | shall | I | thee |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent thou=Patient |
| 2 | **cover** | future | I | the heaven |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent heaven=Destination |
| 3 | **make** | infinitive | I *not said here* | the stars |  |  |  | black *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset star=Product |
| 4 | **cover** | future | I | the sun |  |  |  | with a cloud | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent sun=Destination with cloud=Theme |
| 5 | **not** **give** | shall | the moon | moon's light |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme |
| 6 | **light** |  | moon |  |  |  |  |  | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets EZK.32.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:extinguish:x1:2
# text = (Prophets EZK.32.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZK.32.7	EZK.32.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Firefighters extinguished the blaze in an hour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:extinguish:x2:1
# text = Firefighters extinguished the blaze in an hour.
1	Firefighters	firefighter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	extinguished	extinguish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	blaze	blaze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **extinguish** | past | Firefighters | the blaze |  |  | hour |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent blaze=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please extinguish all candles before bed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:extinguish:x3:1
# text = Please extinguish all candles before bed.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	extinguish	extinguish	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	candles	candle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	before	before	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **extinguish** | imperative | you *not said here* | all candles |  |  | before bed |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent candle=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A fire blanket can extinguish a small pan fire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:extinguish:x4:1
# text = A fire blanket can extinguish a small pan fire.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	blanket	blanket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	extinguish	extinguish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	pan	pan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **extinguish** | can | a fire blanket | a small pan fire |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent fire=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never use water to extinguish an oil fire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:extinguish:x5:1
# text = Never use water to extinguish an oil fire.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	extinguish	extinguish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **use** | imperative | you *not said here* | water |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |
| 2 | **extinguish** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | a oil fire |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent fire=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bad news extinguished her hopes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:extinguish:x6:1
# text = The bad news extinguished her hopes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	extinguished	extinguish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	hopes	hope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **extinguish** | past | the bad news | news's hopes |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hope=Patient |
| 2 | **hope** |  | news |  |  |  |  |  | nom hope «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Smokers must extinguish cigarettes here.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:extinguish:x7:1
# text = Smokers must extinguish cigarettes here.
1	Smokers	smoker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	extinguish	extinguish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	cigarettes	cigarette	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **extinguish** | must | Smokers | cigarettes |  | here |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent cigarette=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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