---
title: faint — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «faint» in the Judaism dictionary: Not strong or clear; hard to see, hear or smell (a faint sound, a faint line). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# faint

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** brain, you, I, Esau, me, they · **What happens:** see, hear, smell, become, fall down, not get · **To what, where:** faint sound, enough blood, faintest idea, all, Jacob sod pottage, field · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«faint» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [faint in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/faint.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not strong or clear; hard to see, hear or smell (a faint sound, a faint line).

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:m1:1
# text = Not strong or clear; hard to see, hear or smell (a faint sound, a faint line).
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	smell	smell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **hear** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **smell** | infinitive |  | a faint sound and a faint line |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To suddenly become unconscious for a short time and fall down, often because the brain does not get enough blood.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:m2:1
# text = To suddenly become unconscious for a short time and fall down, often because the brain does not get enough blood.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
2	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	become	become	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unconscious	unconscious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	fall	fall	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	down	down	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
13	often	often	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
14	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
17	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
20	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | time | suddenly, unconscious *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **fall down** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **get** | present · do-support | the brain | enough blood |  |  |  | often *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer blood=Stimulus |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Feeling weak and dizzy, as if you might fall (I feel faint).

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:m3:1
# text = Feeling weak and dizzy, as if you might fall (I feel faint).
1	Feeling	feel	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
2	weak	weak	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	dizzy	dizzy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	feel	feel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
14	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | weak *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **fall** | might | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **feel** | present | I |  |  |  |  | faint *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very small (a faint chance; I haven't the faintest idea = I don't know at all).

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:m4:1
# text = Very small (a faint chance; I haven't the faintest idea = I don't know at all).
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	chance	chance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	faintest	faint	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	13	amod	_	_
13	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
14	=	=	SYM	SYM	_	18	punct	_	_
15	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
16	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
18	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	parataxis	_	_
19	at	at	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | I | the faintest idea |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **know** | present · do-support | I |  |  | all |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Jacob sod pottage; and Esau came in from the field, and he was faint. (Torah GEN.25.29, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Jacob sod pottage; and Esau came in from the field, and he was faint.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x1:1
# text = And Jacob sod pottage; and Esau came in from the field, and he was faint.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
3	sod	sod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	pottage	pottage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	Esau	Esau	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come in** | past | Esau | Jacob sod pottage *not said here* |  | the field |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location pottage=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | Esau |  |  |  |  | faint *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.25.29, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.25.29, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.25.29	GEN.25.29	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Esau said to Jacob: 'Let me swallow, I pray thee, some of this red, red pottage; for I am faint.' Therefore was his name called Edom. (Torah GEN.25.30, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Esau said to Jacob: 'Let me swallow, I pray thee, some of this red, red pottage; for I am faint.'

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x2:1
# text = And Esau said to Jacob: 'Let me swallow, I pray thee, some of this red, red pottage; for I am faint.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Esau	Esau	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
9	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	swallow	swallow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	pray	pray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
14	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
16	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	22	nsubj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
18	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	22	nsubj	_	_
19	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
21	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	pottage	pottage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	for	for	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
26	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
27	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Esau |  | Jacob |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to jacob=Experiencer clause=Topic |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive |  | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **swallow** | infinitive | me *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **pray** | present | I | thee |  |  |  | of red red pottage | tree rules |
| 5 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | faint *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Therefore was his name called Edom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x2:2
# text = Therefore was his name called Edom.
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	Edom	Edom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | Jacob's name |  |  |  | therefore *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **call** | participle |  | Jacob's name *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* (Torah GEN.25.30, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x2:3
# text = (Torah GEN.25.30, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.25.30	GEN.25.30	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they told him, saying: 'Joseph is yet alive, and he is ruler over all the land of Egypt.' And his heart fainted, for he believed them not. (Torah GEN.45.26, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And they told him, saying: 'Joseph is yet alive, and he is ruler over all the land of Egypt.'

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x3:1
# text = And they told him, saying: 'Joseph is yet alive, and he is ruler over all the land of Egypt.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
8	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Joseph	Joseph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	ruler	ruler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
18	over	over	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	21	det:predet	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | they |  | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | they *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | Joseph |  |  |  | yet | alive *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is a** | present | Joseph | ruler |  | all land of Egypt |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* And his heart fainted, for he believed them not.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x3:2
# text = And his heart fainted, for he believed them not.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	fainted	faint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	believed	believe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **faint** | past | Joseph's heart |  |  |  |  |  | vn change\_bodily\_state-40.8.4 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **not** **believe** | past | heart | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* (Torah GEN.45.26, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x3:3
# text = (Torah GEN.45.26, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.45.26	GEN.45.26	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hungry and thirsty, their soul fainted in them. (Writings PSA.107.5, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Hungry and thirsty, their soul fainted in them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x4:1
# text = Hungry and thirsty, their soul fainted in them.
1	Hungry	hungry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	thirsty	thirsty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	fainted	faint	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **faint** | participle |  | their soul *not said here* |  |  |  | in them *= they* | vn change\_bodily\_state-40.8.4 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.107.5, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x4:2
# text = (Writings PSA.107.5, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.107.5	PSA.107.5	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The whole head is sick, and the whole heart faint; (Prophets ISA.1.5, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x5:1
# text = The whole head is sick, and the whole heart faint; (Prophets ISA.1.5, JPS 1917)
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	sick	sick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	faint	faint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	parataxis	_	_
15	ISA.1.5	ISA.1.5	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	flat	_	_
18	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the whole head |  |  |  |  | sick *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yea, God hath made my heart faint, and the Almighty hath affrighted me; (Writings JOB.23.16, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x6:1
# text = Yea, God hath made my heart faint, and the Almighty hath affrighted me; (Writings JOB.23.16, JPS 1917)
1	Yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Almighty	almighty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	affrighted	affright	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
15	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
19	JOB.23.16	JOB.23.16	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	flat	_	_
22	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	19	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | God |  |  |  | Writings *obl*; faint *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary heart=Product |
| 2 | **affright** | present · passive |  | the Almighty |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I could hear a faint sound coming from the cupboard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x7:1
# text = I could hear a faint sound coming from the cupboard.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	coming	come	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	cupboard	cupboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | could | I | a faint sound |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus |
| 2 | **come** | gerund | a faint sound *not said here* |  |  | the cupboard |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from cupboard=Initial\_Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Draw faint lines first, then go over them in pen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x8:1
# text = Draw faint lines first, then go over them in pen.
1	Draw	draw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
7	go	go	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
8	over	over	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	pen	pen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | imperative | you *not said here* | faint lines |  |  |  | first *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent line=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  | pen | then | over lines *= line* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme over they=Initial\_Location |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He fainted in the hot sun and fell down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x9:1
# text = He fainted in the hot sun and fell down.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	fainted	faint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	down	down	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **faint** | past | He |  |  | the hot sun |  |  | vn change\_bodily\_state-40.8.4 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **fall down** | past | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If you feel faint, sit down and put your head between your knees.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x10:1
# text = If you feel faint, sit down and put your head between your knees.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	feel	feel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
4	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
6	sit	sit	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	between	between	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	knees	knee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | you |  |  |  |  | faint *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **sit down** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **put** | infinitive | you *not said here* | your head |  | your knees |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent head=Theme between knee=Destination |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was a faint smell of smoke.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x11:1
# text = There was a faint smell of smoke.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a faint smell of smoke |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **smell** |  | smoke |  |  |  |  |  | nom smell «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The stars were faint because of the city lights.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x12:1
# text = The stars were faint because of the city lights.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	9	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	fixed	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	lights	light	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the stars |  |  |  |  | because the city lights; faint *property* | tree rules |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I haven't the faintest idea where my shoe is.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x13:1
# text = I haven't the faintest idea where my shoe is.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	faintest	faint	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	10	advmod	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	shoe	shoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | present |  | the faintest idea |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sickening smell made him faint.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faint:x14:1
# text = The sickening smell made him faint.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sickening	sicken	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	amod	_	_
3	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sicken** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **make** | past | the sickening smell | him *= he* |  |  |  | faint *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset he=Product |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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