---
title: faithlessness — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «faithlessness» in the Judaism dictionary: Faithlessness is the state of not being loyal, or the act of breaking a promise. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# faithlessness

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Faithlessness, act, your, one, I, family · **What happens:** be, not be, break, remain, answer, assemble · **To what, where:** state, promise, faithlessness, one, words, God

<!-- .vabout -->
«faithlessness» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [faithlessness in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/faithlessness.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Faithlessness is the state of not being loyal, or the act of breaking a promise.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faithlessness:m1:1
# text = Faithlessness is the state of not being loyal, or the act of breaking a promise.
1	Faithlessness	faithlessness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
7	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	cop	_	_
8	loyal	loyal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
13	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	breaking	break	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	promise	promise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Faithlessness | the state |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | loyal *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **break** | gerund | the act *not said here* | a promise |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer promise=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And as for your answers, there remaineth only faithlessness? (Writings JOB.21.34, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And as for your answers, there remaineth only faithlessness?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faithlessness:x1:1
# text = And as for your answers, there remaineth only faithlessness?
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	as	as	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	answers	answer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	8	expl	_	_
8	remaineth	remain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	only	only	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	faithlessness	faithlessness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remain** | present |  | faithlessness |  | there |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme faithlessness=Attribute |
| 2 | **answer** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.21.34, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faithlessness:x1:2
# text = (Writings JOB.21.34, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.21.34	JOB.21.34	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then were assembled unto me every one that trembled at the words of the God of Israel, because of the faithlessness of them of the captivity; and I sat appalled until the evening offering. (Writings EZR.9.4, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Then were assembled unto me every one that trembled at the words of the God of Israel, because of the faithlessness of them of the captivity; and I sat appalled until the evening offering.

<!-- fold The tree, 34 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faithlessness:x2:1
# text = Then were assembled unto me every one that trembled at the words of the God of Israel, because of the faithlessness of them of the captivity; and I sat appalled until the evening offering.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	assembled	assemble	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	trembled	tremble	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	22	case	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	fixed	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	faithlessness	faithlessness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nmod	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	captivity	captivity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
30	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
32	appalled	appalled	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	xcomp	_	_
33	until	until	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	_
36	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **assemble** | past · passive |  | every one |  |  | then | unto me; because the faithlessness of words of the captivity | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: one=Theme |
| 2 | **tremble** | past | every one |  |  | the words of the God of Israel |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at word=Location |
| 3 | **sit** | past | I |  |  |  | until the evening offering | appalled *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **word** |  |  | the God of Israel |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings EZR.9.4, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faithlessness:x2:2
# text = (Writings EZR.9.4, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZR.9.4	EZR.9.4	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was punished for his faithlessness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faithlessness:x3:1
# text = He was punished for his faithlessness.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	punished	punish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	faithlessness	faithlessness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **punish** | past · passive |  | He |  |  |  | for his faithlessness | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Patient for faithlessness=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her faithlessness hurt her friends.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faithlessness:x4:1
# text = Her faithlessness hurt her friends.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	faithlessness	faithlessness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hurt** | past | Her faithlessness | faithlessness's friends |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer friend=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Faithlessness can break a family's trust.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:faithlessness:x5:1
# text = Faithlessness can break a family's trust.
1	Faithlessness	faithlessness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	break	break	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	trust	trust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | can | Faithlessness | a family's trust |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer trust=Patient |
| 2 | **trust** |  | a family |  |  |  |  |  | nom trust «possession intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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