---
title: folly — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «folly» in the Judaism dictionary: Foolishness; a very silly or unwise act or idea. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# folly

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** letter, woman, prudent man, fool, I, wisdom · **What happens:** build, call, present, be, know, deal · **To what, where:** fake ruin, They, contrast, nothing, folly, darkness · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«folly» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [folly in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/folly.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Foolishness; a very silly or unwise act or idea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:m1:1
# text = Foolishness; a very silly or unwise act or idea.
1	Foolishness	foolishness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	silly	silly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	unwise	unwise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A strange decorative building, like a fake ruin or a tower, built in a big park or garden just for show.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:m2:1
# text = A strange decorative building, like a fake ruin or a tower, built in a big park or garden just for show.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	strange	strange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	decorative	decorative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	fake	fake	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	ruin	ruin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
21	just	just	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
22	for	for	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	show	show	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | participle |  | a fake ruin or a tower *not said here* |  |  |  | for show; in a big park or garden | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in park=Attribute |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: follies, plural — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A show with dancing, songs and jokes (old theatre word).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:m3:1
# text = A show with dancing, songs and jokes (old theatre word).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	show	show	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	dancing	dancing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	songs	song	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	jokes	joke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	theatre	theatre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are called Double, because each letter presents a contrast or permutation; thus Life and Death; Peace and War (Evil); Wisdom and Folly; Riches and Poverty; Grace and Indignation; Fertility and Solitude (Desolation); Power and Servitude. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* They are called Double, because each letter presents a contrast or permutation; thus Life and Death; Peace and War (Evil); Wisdom and Folly; Riches and Poverty; Grace and Indignation; Fertility and Solitude (Desolation); Power and Servitude.

<!-- fold The tree, 36 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:x1:1
# text = They are called Double, because each letter presents a contrast or permutation; thus Life and Death; Peace and War (Evil); Wisdom and Folly; Riches and Poverty; Grace and Indignation; Fertility and Solitude (Desolation); Power and Servitude.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	Double	Double	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	presents	present	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	contrast	contrast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	permutation	permutation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	thus	thus	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Life	Life	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	Death	Death	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
20	Peace	Peace	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	War	War	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
23	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	Evil	Evil	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	Wisdom	Wisdom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	Folly	Folly	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
31	Riches	rich	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	Poverty	Poverty	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	35	punct	_	_
35	Grace	Grace	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	Indignation	indignation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	39	punct	_	_
39	Fertility	fertility	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
41	Solitude	solitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	conj	_	_
42	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	43	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	Desolation	desolation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	43	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	46	punct	_	_
46	Power	Power	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
48	Servitude	servitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** *speech: assert* | present · passive |  | They |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **present** | present | each letter | a contrast or permutation |  |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent contrast=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The woman Folly is riotous; she is thoughtless, and knoweth nothing. (Writings PRO.9.13, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The woman Folly is riotous; she is thoughtless, and knoweth nothing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:x2:1
# text = The woman Folly is riotous; she is thoughtless, and knoweth nothing.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	Folly	Folly	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	riotous	riotous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	thoughtless	thoughtless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	knoweth	know	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
13	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the woman |  |  |  |  | riotous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | woman |  |  |  |  | thoughtless *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **know** | present | the woman *not said here* | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer nothing=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PRO.9.13, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:x2:2
# text = (Writings PRO.9.13, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PRO.9.13	PRO.9.13	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Every prudent man dealeth with forethought; but a fool unfoldeth folly. (Writings PRO.13.16, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Every prudent man dealeth with forethought; but a fool unfoldeth folly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:x3:1
# text = Every prudent man dealeth with forethought; but a fool unfoldeth folly.
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
2	prudent	prudent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	dealeth	deal	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	forethought	forethought	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	fool	fool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	unfoldeth	unfold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	folly	folly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deal** | present | every prudent man |  |  |  |  | with forethought | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with forethought=Theme |
| 2 | **unfold** | present | a fool | folly |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent folly=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PRO.13.16, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:x3:2
# text = (Writings PRO.13.16, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PRO.13.16	PRO.13.16	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then I saw that wisdom excelleth folly, as far as light excelleth darkness. (Writings ECC.2.13, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Then I saw that wisdom excelleth folly, as far as light excelleth darkness.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:x4:1
# text = Then I saw that wisdom excelleth folly, as far as light excelleth darkness.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	wisdom	wisdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	excelleth	excel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	folly	folly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	as	as	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
11	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	light	light	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	nsubj	_	_
13	excelleth	excel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
14	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | I |  |  |  | then | far *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **excel** | present | that wisdom |  |  |  |  | folly *property* | vn succeed-74-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **excel** | present | light | darkness |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings ECC.2.13, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:x4:2
# text = (Writings ECC.2.13, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ECC.2.13	ECC.2.13	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It would be folly to swim in the sea during a storm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:x5:1
# text = It would be folly to swim in the sea during a storm.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
4	folly	folly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	swim	swim	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	during	during	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | would | It |  |  | the sea | during a storm | folly, swim *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toad's folly with cars cost him a fortune.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:x6:1
# text = Toad's folly with cars cost him a fortune.
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	folly	folly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	cost	cost	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	iobj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	fortune	fortune	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | Toad's folly with cars | a fortune | Toad |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Theme he=Beneficiary fortune=Value |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is a stone folly at the top of the hill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:x7:1
# text = There is a stone folly at the top of the hill.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	folly	folly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a stone folly at the top of the hill |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Running away was sheer folly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:x8:1
# text = Running away was sheer folly.
1	Running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	away	away	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	sheer	sheer	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	folly	folly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run away** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Running | sheer folly |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rich lord built a folly that looked like a castle ruin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:x9:1
# text = The rich lord built a folly that looked like a castle ruin.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	folly	folly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	ruin	ruin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | past | the rich lord | a folly |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent folly=Product |
| 2 | **look** | past | a folly |  |  |  |  | like a castle ruin | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad says buying that old boat was his greatest folly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:x10:1
# text = Grandad says buying that old boat was his greatest folly.
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	buying	buy	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	greatest	great	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	10	amod	_	_
10	folly	folly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Grandad |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **buy** | gerund | Grandad *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | past | that old boat | Grandad's greatest folly |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why do you persist in this folly?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:folly:x11:1
# text = Why do you persist in this folly?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	persist	persist	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	folly	folly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **persist** | present · do-support | you |  |  | this folly |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in folly=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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