---
title: foray — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «foray» in the Judaism dictionary: A quick raid into enemy land to take goods or loot. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# foray

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** servants, Abner · **What happens:** take, come, bring, not be, send away, be · **To what, where:** goods, foray, great spoil, Hebron, peace

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«foray» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 1 example, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [foray in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/foray.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A quick raid into enemy land to take goods or loot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:foray:m1:1
# text = A quick raid into enemy land to take goods or loot.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	quick	quick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	raid	raid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	enemy	enemy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl	_	_
9	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	8	obj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	loot	loot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | to-infinitive |  | goods or loot |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goods=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And, behold, the servants of David and Joab came from a foray, and brought in a great spoil with them; but Abner was not with David in Hebron; for he had sent him away, and he was gone in peace. (Prophets 2SA.3.22, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And, behold, the servants of David and Joab came from a foray, and brought in a great spoil with them; but Abner was not with David in Hebron; for he had sent him away, and he was gone in peace.

<!-- fold The tree, 40 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:foray:x1:1
# text = And, behold, the servants of David and Joab came from a foray, and brought in a great spoil with them; but Abner was not with David in Hebron; for he had sent him away, and he was gone in peace.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	Joab	Joab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	foray	foray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
25	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
26	Abner	Abner	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
27	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
28	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	30	advmod	_	_
29	with	with	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	Hebron	Hebron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	37	punct	_	_
34	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	37	mark	_	_
35	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
36	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
37	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	parataxis	_	_
38	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	obj	_	_
39	away	away	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
42	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	44	nsubj	_	_
43	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	44	cop	_	_
44	gone	gone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	parataxis	_	_
45	in	in	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
46	peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the servants of David and Joab |  |  | a foray |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from foray=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **bring** | participle | the servants of David and Joab *not said here* |  |  | a great spoil with servants |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **is** | past | Abner |  |  | Hebron |  | with David | tree rules |
| 4 | **send away** | past · perfect | Abner | Hebron |  |  |  | away *property* | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 5 | **is** | past | Abner |  |  | peace |  | gone *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 2SA.3.22, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:foray:x1:2
# text = (Prophets 2SA.3.22, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	2SA.3.22	2SA.3.22	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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