---
title: fricative — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «fricative» in the Judaism dictionary: describing a speech sound made by pushing air through a narrow gap, like f, s or th. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# fricative

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**What happens:** describe, make, push · **To what, where:** speech sound, air, narrow gap

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«fricative» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [fricative in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/fricative.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

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describing a speech sound made by pushing air through a narrow gap, like f, s or th.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:fricative:m1:1
# text = describing a speech sound made by pushing air through a narrow gap, like f, s or th.
1	describing	describe	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	pushing	push	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
8	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	through	through	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	narrow	narrow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	gap	gap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	f	f	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	s	s	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	th	th	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | gerund |  | a speech sound |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent sound=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a speech sound *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **push** | gerund |  | air |  | a narrow gap |  | like f and s or th | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent air=Theme through gap=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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