---
title: ground — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ground» in the Judaism dictionary: The surface of the Earth that you stand on. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ground

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, ground, Abel, Cain, thou, He · **What happens:** stand on, use, keep, fly, cover, mean · **To what, where:** surface, area, child, home, plane, ground · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«ground» in the Judaism dictionary: its 7 meanings for a pupil and its 15 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ground in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/ground.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The surface of the Earth that you stand on.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:m1:1
# text = The surface of the Earth that you stand on.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	stand	stand	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand on** | present | you | the surface of the Earth |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Soil, earth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:m2:1
# text = Soil, earth.
1	Soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"The ground is hard."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:m2e:1
# text = "The ground is hard."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the ground |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An area of land used for something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:m3:1
# text = An area of land used for something.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  | a area of land *not said here* |  |  |  | for something | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"playground", "sports ground".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:m3e:1
# text = "playground", "sports ground".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	playground	playground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	sports	sport	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	compound	_	_
7	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A reason.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:m4:1
# text = A reason.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"on the grounds that".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:m4e:1
# text = "on the grounds that".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	grounds	grounds	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As a verb, to keep a child at home as punishment or to keep a plane from flying.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:m5:1
# text = As a verb, to keep a child at home as punishment or to keep a plane from flying.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	punishment	punishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
19	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | to-infinitive |  | a child |  | home |  | as a verb; as punishment | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent child=Theme at home=Location |
| 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive |  | a plane |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plane=Theme |
| 3 | **fly** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Past of "grind".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:m6:1
# text = Past of "grind".
1	Past	past	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	grind	grind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"ground coffee".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:m6e:1
# text = "ground coffee".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	coffee	coffee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 7 {#m7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To cover ground means to travel a long way quickly or to make good progress.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:m7:1
# text = To cover ground means to travel a long way quickly or to make good progress.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	cover	cover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
3	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	travel	travel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
10	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
14	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	progress	progress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | to-infinitive |  | ground |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme ground=Destination |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **travel** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | a long way |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | good progress |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset progress=Product |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Abel was a keeper of sheep, but Cain was a tiller of the ground. (Torah GEN.4.2, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Abel was a keeper of sheep, but Cain was a tiller of the ground.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x1:1
# text = And Abel was a keeper of sheep, but Cain was a tiller of the ground.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc	_	_
2	Abel	Abel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	keeper	keeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	Cain	Cain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	tiller	tiller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Abel | a keeper but a tiller |  |  |  | of sheep | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Cain | a tiller |  |  |  | of the ground | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.4.2, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.4.2, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.4.2	GEN.4.2	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
but there went up a mist from the earth, and watered the whole face of the ground. (Torah GEN.2.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* but there went up a mist from the earth, and watered the whole face of the ground.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x2:1
# text = but there went up a mist from the earth, and watered the whole face of the ground.
1	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	mist	mist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	watered	water	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go up** | past |  | a mist |  | the earth; there |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **water** | past |  | the whole face of the ground |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent face=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.2.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x2:2
# text = (Torah GEN.2.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.2.6	GEN.2.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only thou shalt not eat the blood thereof; thou shalt pour it out upon the ground as water. (Torah DEU.15.23, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Only thou shalt not eat the blood thereof; thou shalt pour it out upon the ground as water.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x3:1
# text = Only thou shalt not eat the blood thereof; thou shalt pour it out upon the ground as water.
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nsubj	_	_
3	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	nsubj	_	_
11	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	pour	pour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	out	out	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
15	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
18	as	as	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **eat** | shall | thou | the blood |  |  |  | thereof *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blood=Patient |
| 2 | **pour out** | shall | thou | blood |  |  |  | upon the ground; as water | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.15.23, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x3:2
# text = (Torah DEU.15.23, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.15.23	DEU.15.23	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He turneth rivers into a wilderness, and watersprings into a thirsty ground; (Writings PSA.107.33, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x4:1
# text = He turneth rivers into a wilderness, and watersprings into a thirsty ground; (Writings PSA.107.33, JPS 1917)
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	turneth	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	watersprings	waterspring	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
10	into	into	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	thirsty	thirsty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	parataxis	_	_
17	PSA.107.33	PSA.107.33	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	flat	_	_
20	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present | He | rivers |  | a wilderness |  | into a thirsty ground | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.agent V NP.theme PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Agent river=Theme into wilderness=Source into ground=Trajectory |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ye who turn judgment to wormwood, and cast righteousness to the ground; (Prophets AMO.5.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x5:1
# text = Ye who turn judgment to wormwood, and cast righteousness to the ground; (Prophets AMO.5.7, JPS 1917)
1	Ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
2	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turn	turn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	judgment	judgment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	wormwood	wormwood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	cast	cast	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	righteousness	righteousness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
17	AMO.5.7	AMO.5.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	flat	_	_
20	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present | Ye | judgment |  | wormwood |  | Prophets *obl* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent judgment=Theme to wormwood=Trajectory |
| 2 | **cast** | infinitive | Ye *not said here* | righteousness |  | the ground |  |  | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent righteousness=Theme to ground=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The LORD upholdeth the humble; He bringeth the wicked down to the ground. (Writings PSA.147.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The LORD upholdeth the humble; He bringeth the wicked down to the ground.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x6:1
# text = The LORD upholdeth the humble; He bringeth the wicked down to the ground.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	upholdeth	uphold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	humble	humble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	bringeth	bring	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	obj	_	_
11	down	down	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **uphold** | present | the LORD | the humble |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bring down** | present | LORD | the wicked |  | the ground |  | down *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent wicked=Theme to ground=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.147.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x6:2
# text = (Writings PSA.147.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.147.6	PSA.147.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ball fell to the ground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x7:1
# text = The ball fell to the ground.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | the ball |  |  |  |  | to the ground | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to ground=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ground is wet after the rain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x8:1
# text = The ground is wet after the rain.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the ground |  |  |  | after the rain | wet *property* | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We play in the playground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x9:1
# text = We play in the playground.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	play	play	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	playground	playground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | present | We |  |  | the playground |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Crawl along the ground under the smoke.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x10:1
# text = Crawl along the ground under the smoke.
1	Crawl	crawl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	along	along	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our flat is on the ground floor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x11:1
# text = Our flat is on the ground floor.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	flat	flat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Our flat |  |  | the ground floor |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Seeds grow in the ground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x12:1
# text = Seeds grow in the ground.
1	Seeds	seed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Seeds |  |  | the ground |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in ground=Location |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was grounded for a week.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x13:1
# text = He was grounded for a week.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	grounded	ground	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ground** | past · passive |  | He |  |  | week |  | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V ADVP»: subject=Destination |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum bought ground pepper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x14:1
# text = Mum bought ground pepper.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	pepper	pepper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | Mum | ground pepper |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pepper=Theme |

## Example 15 {#x15}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“He covers the ground,” said another.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ground:x15:1
# text = “He covers the ground,” said another.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	covers	cover	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** *in a quote* | present | He | the ground |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent ground=Destination |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  | another |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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- ↑ back to [G in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/)