---
title: guilt — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «guilt» in the Judaism dictionary: The bad, uncomfortable feeling you have when you know you have done something wrong. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# guilt

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, fact, court, It, he, this · **What happens:** have, know, do, break, prove, be · **To what, where:** bad uncomfortable feeling, something, law, guilt, them, offering · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«guilt» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 12 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [guilt in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/guilt.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bad, uncomfortable feeling you have when you know you have done something wrong.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:m1:1
# text = The bad, uncomfortable feeling you have when you know you have done something wrong.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	uncomfortable	uncomfortable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	ccomp	_	_
14	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	13	obj	_	_
15	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | you | the bad uncomfortable feeling *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feeling=Patient |
| 2 | **know** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **do** | present · perfect | you | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fact of having done something wrong or broken a law (the court proved his guilt).

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:m2:1
# text = The fact of having done something wrong or broken a law (the court proved his guilt).
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	aux	_	_
5	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	proved	prove	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	guilt	guilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | gerund · perfect | the fact *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |
| 2 | **break** | participle | the fact *not said here* | a law |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer law=Patient |
| 3 | **prove** | past | the court | court's guilt |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent guilt=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a guilt-offering — he is certainly guilty before the LORD. (Torah LEV.5.19, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is a guilt-offering — he is certainly guilty before the LORD.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x1:1
# text = It is a guilt-offering — he is certainly guilty before the LORD.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	guilt	guilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	offering	offer	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	guilty	guilty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
12	before	before	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | offer *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | he |  |  |  | before the LORD | certainly, guilty *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah LEV.5.19, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x1:2
# text = (Torah LEV.5.19, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	LEV.5.19	LEV.5.19	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And this is the law of the guilt-offering: it is most holy. (Torah LEV.7.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And this is the law of the guilt-offering: it is most holy.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x2:1
# text = And this is the law of the guilt-offering: it is most holy.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	guilt	guilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	15	amod	_	_
15	holy	holy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | this | the law |  |  |  | of the guilt offering | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | offering |  |  |  |  | holy *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah LEV.7.1, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x2:2
# text = (Torah LEV.7.1, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	LEV.7.1	LEV.7.1	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the priest shall make them smoke upon the altar for an offering made by fire unto the LORD; it is a guilt-offering. (Torah LEV.7.5, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the priest shall make them smoke upon the altar for an offering made by fire unto the LORD; it is a guilt-offering.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x3:1
# text = And the priest shall make them smoke upon the altar for an offering made by fire unto the LORD; it is a guilt-offering.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	smoke	smoke	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	altar	altar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
24	guilt	guilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | shall | the priest | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **smoke** | infinitive | them *= they* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon the altar for a offering | vn eat-39.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **make** | participle |  | a offering *not said here* |  |  |  | by fire unto the LORD | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 4 | **is a** | present | priest | a guilt offering |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah LEV.7.5, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x3:2
# text = (Torah LEV.7.5, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	LEV.7.5	LEV.7.5	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their heart is divided; now shall they bear their guilt; He will break down their altars, He will spoil their pillars. (Prophets HOS.10.2, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Their heart is divided; now shall they bear their guilt; He will break down their altars, He will spoil their pillars.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x4:1
# text = Their heart is divided; now shall they bear their guilt; He will break down their altars, He will spoil their pillars.
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	divided	divide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	_
7	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	bear	bear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	guilt	guilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	break	break	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
16	down	down	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	altars	altar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	spoil	spoil	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	_
23	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	pillars	pillar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **divide** | present · passive |  | Their heart |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **bear** | shall | they | their guilt |  |  | now |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent guilt=Patient |
| 3 | **break down** | future | He | their altars |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent altar=Patient |
| 4 | **spoil** | future | He | altars's pillars |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets HOS.10.2, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x4:2
# text = (Prophets HOS.10.2, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	HOS.10.2	HOS.10.2	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The meal-offering, and the sin-offering, and the guilt-offering, they, even they, shall eat; and every devoted thing in Israel shall be theirs. (Prophets EZK.44.29, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The meal-offering, and the sin-offering, and the guilt-offering, they, even they, shall eat; and every devoted thing in Israel shall be theirs.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x5:1
# text = The meal-offering, and the sin-offering, and the guilt-offering, they, even they, shall eat; and every devoted thing in Israel shall be theirs.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	meal	meal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	sin	sin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	guilt	guilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	even	even	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
27	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	29	det	_	_
28	devoted	devoted	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
32	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
33	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	cop	_	_
34	theirs	their	PRON	PRP	Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	34	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | shall | the meal offering and the sin offering and the guilt offering and every devoted thing in Israel *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | shall | the meal offering and the sin offering and the guilt offering and every devoted thing in Israel | offering |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets EZK.44.29, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x5:2
# text = (Prophets EZK.44.29, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZK.44.29	EZK.44.29	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Ezra the priest stood up, and said unto them: 'Ye have broken faith, and have married foreign women, to increase the guilt of Israel. (Writings EZR.10.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Ezra the priest stood up, and said unto them: 'Ye have broken faith, and have married foreign women, to increase the guilt of Israel.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x6:1
# text = And Ezra the priest stood up, and said unto them: 'Ye have broken faith, and have married foreign women, to increase the guilt of Israel.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	Ezra	Ezra	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
5	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
10	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
13	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	Ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	ccomp	_	_
17	faith	faith	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	married	marry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	_
22	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	increase	increase	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	guilt	guilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand up** | past | Ezra |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Ezra *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto them *= they* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **break** | present · perfect · passive |  | Ye |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Patient faith=Result |
| 4 | **marry** | present · perfect |  | foreign women |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent woman=Patient |
| 5 | **increase** | to-infinitive |  | the guilt of Israel |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer guilt=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings EZR.10.10, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x6:2
# text = (Writings EZR.10.10, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZR.10.10	EZR.10.10	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He felt guilt after he broke his sister's toy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x7:1
# text = He felt guilt after he broke his sister's toy.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	guilt	guilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	toy	toy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | He | guilt |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent guilt=Theme |
| 2 | **break** | past | he | his sister's toy |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer toy=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Saying sorry helped her guilt go away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x8:1
# text = Saying sorry helped her guilt go away.
1	Saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	csubj	_	_
2	sorry	sorry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	guilt	guilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	away	away	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  | sorry |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent sorry=Topic |
| 2 | **help** | past | Saying | her *= she* |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent she=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 3 | **go away** | infinitive | guilt |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The detective found proof of the thief's guilt.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x9:1
# text = The detective found proof of the thief's guilt.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	detective	detective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	proof	proof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	thief	thief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	guilt	guilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | the detective | proof of the thief's guilt |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent proof=Topic |
| 2 | **proof** |  |  | the thief's guilt |  |  |  |  | nom proof «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't carry guilt for something that wasn't your fault.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x10:1
# text = Don't carry guilt for something that wasn't your fault.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	carry	carry	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	guilt	guilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obl	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	fault	fault	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **carry** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | guilt |  |  |  | for something | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent guilt=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | past | that | your fault |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I felt guilty because I forgot her birthday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x11:1
# text = I felt guilty because I forgot her birthday.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	guilty	guilty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	forgot	forget	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	birthday	birthday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | I |  |  |  |  | guilty *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **forget** | past | I | her birthday |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog's guilty face showed it had eaten the cake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:guilt:x12:1
# text = The dog's guilty face showed it had eaten the cake.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	guilty	guilty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	xcomp	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the dog's guilty face |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **eat** | past · perfect · passive |  | face |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [guile](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/guile/)
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- ↑ back to [G in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/)