---
title: handiwork — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «handiwork» in the Judaism dictionary: Something made by a person's own hands; a thing someone has made. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# handiwork

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**Who acts:** heavens, firmament, God · **What happens:** make, declare, show, glory · **To what, where:** thing, glory, handiwork

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«handiwork» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 1 example, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [handiwork in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/handiwork.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Something made by a person's own hands; a thing someone has made.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:handiwork:m1:1
# text = Something made by a person's own hands; a thing someone has made.
1	Something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	14	nsubj	_	_
13	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by a person's own hands | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **make** | present · perfect · passive |  | a thing |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The heavens declare the glory of God, and the firmament showeth His handiwork; (Writings PSA.19.2, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:handiwork:x1:1
# text = The heavens declare the glory of God, and the firmament showeth His handiwork; (Writings PSA.19.2, JPS 1917)
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	heavens	heaven	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	declare	declare	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	glory	glory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	firmament	firmament	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	showeth	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	handiwork	handiwork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	compound	_	_
18	PSA.19.2	PSA.19.2	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	_
21	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	20	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **declare** *speech: other* | present | the heavens | the glory of God |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glory=Attribute |
| 2 | **show** | present | the firmament | firmament's handiwork |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent handiwork=Recipient |
| 3 | **glory** |  | God |  |  |  |  |  | nom glory «state intransitive»: of=agent |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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