---
title: havoc — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «havoc» in the Judaism dictionary: Great damage, mess or destruction caused by something or someone. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# havoc

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** They, us, cat, pestilence · **What happens:** cause, say, let, make, burn up · **To what, where:** destruction, heart, us, havoc, they, land · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«havoc» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [havoc in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/havoc.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Great damage, mess or destruction caused by something or someone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:havoc:m1:1
# text = Great damage, mess or destruction caused by something or someone.
1	Great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	mess	mess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
7	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obl:agent	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | participle |  | destruction *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They said in their heart: 'Let us make havoc of them altogether'; they have burned up all the meeting-places of God in the land. (Writings PSA.74.8, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* They said in their heart: 'Let us make havoc of them altogether'; they have burned up all the meeting-places of God in the land.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:havoc:x1:1
# text = They said in their heart: 'Let us make havoc of them altogether'; they have burned up all the meeting-places of God in the land.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
9	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	havoc	havoc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nmod	_	_
14	altogether	altogether	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	burned	burn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
20	up	up	ADP	RP	_	19	compound:prt	_	_
21	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	25	det:predet	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
23	meeting	meeting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | They |  |  | their heart |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive |  | us |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | infinitive | us *not said here* | havoc of them |  |  |  | altogether *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset havoc=Product |
| 4 | **burn up** | present · perfect · passive |  | they |  | the land |  | all meeting places of God *obl* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.74.8, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:havoc:x1:2
# text = (Writings PSA.74.8, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.74.8	PSA.74.8	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat caused havoc among the mice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:havoc:x2:1
# text = The cat caused havoc among the mice.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	havoc	havoc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	among	among	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mice	mouse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | the cat | havoc |  |  |  | among the mice | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition havoc=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The storm wrought havoc on the village.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:havoc:x3:1
# text = The storm wrought havoc on the village.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	wrought	wrought	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	havoc	havoc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pestilence made terrible havoc among the people.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:havoc:x4:1
# text = A pestilence made terrible havoc among the people.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pestilence	pestilence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	terrible	terrible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	havoc	havoc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	among	among	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle | a pestilence *not said here* | terrible havoc |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset havoc=Product |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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