---
title: heap — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «heap» in the Judaism dictionary: A heap is a big untidy pile of things on top of each other. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# heap

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** heap, Heaps, they, land, earth, Hezekiah · **What happens:** be, mean, heap, fill, eat, gather · **To what, where:** big untidy pile, lot, pile, something, them, heaps

<!-- .vabout -->
«heap» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 15 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [heap in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/heap.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A heap is a big untidy pile of things on top of each other.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:m1:1
# text = A heap is a big untidy pile of things on top of each other.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	untidy	untidy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	pile	pile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	nmod	_	_
14	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a heap | a big untidy pile |  |  |  | of things on top of each | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Heaps of something means a lot of it (informal, very common in Australia and New Zealand).

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:m2:1
# text = Heaps of something means a lot of it (informal, very common in Australia and New Zealand).
1	Heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	nmod	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nmod	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	very	very	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	flat	_	_
18	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Heaps of something | a lot of lot |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Topic |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To heap is to put things in a pile, or to fill something with a lot, like a heaped spoon.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:m3:1
# text = To heap is to put things in a pile, or to fill something with a lot, like a heaped spoon.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	heap	heap	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	pile	pile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	fill	fill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
14	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	13	obj	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	like	like	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	heaped	heap	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	amod	_	_
22	spoon	spoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heap** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | a pile |  | put *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **fill** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | with a lot | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent something=Patient with lot=Instrument |
| 4 | **heap** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they did eat there by the heap. (Torah GEN.31.46, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And they did eat there by the heap.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x1:1
# text = And they did eat there by the heap.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | past · do-support | they |  |  | there |  | by the heap | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.31.46, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.31.46, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.31.46	GEN.31.46	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they gathered them together in heaps; and the land stank. (Torah EXO.8.14, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And they gathered them together in heaps; and the land stank.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x2:1
# text = And they gathered them together in heaps; and the land stank.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gathered	gather	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	together	together	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	stank	stink	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gather** | past | they | them *= they* |  | heaps |  | together *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 2 | **stink** | past | the land |  |  |  |  |  | vn smell\_emission-43.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.8.14, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x2:2
# text = (Torah EXO.8.14, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.8.14	EXO.8.14	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And in the seven years of plenty the earth brought forth in heaps. (Torah GEN.41.47, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And in the seven years of plenty the earth brought forth in heaps.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x3:1
# text = And in the seven years of plenty the earth brought forth in heaps.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	plenty	plenty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past | the earth |  |  | heaps | year | of plenty; forth *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent of plenty=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.41.47, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x3:2
# text = (Torah GEN.41.47, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.41.47	GEN.41.47	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then Hezekiah questioned the priests and the Levites concerning the heaps. (Writings 2CH.31.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Then Hezekiah questioned the priests and the Levites concerning the heaps.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x4:1
# text = Then Hezekiah questioned the priests and the Levites concerning the heaps.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	Hezekiah	Hezekiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	questioned	question	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	priests	priest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Levites	Levite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **question** *speech: other* | past | Hezekiah | the priests  the Levites |  |  | then |  | vn interrogate-37.1.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent priest=Recipient |
| 2 | **concern** | gerund | the Levites *not said here* | the heaps |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus heap=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings 2CH.31.9, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x4:2
# text = (Writings 2CH.31.9, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	2CH.31.9	2CH.31.9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His roots are wrapped about the heap, he beholdeth the place of stones. (Writings JOB.8.17, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* His roots are wrapped about the heap, he beholdeth the place of stones.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x5:1
# text = His roots are wrapped about the heap, he beholdeth the place of stones.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	wrapped	wrap	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	beholdeth	behold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wrap** | present · passive |  | His roots |  |  |  | about the heap | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme about heap=Destination |
| 2 | **behold** | present | he | the place of stones |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer place=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.8.17, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x5:2
# text = (Writings JOB.8.17, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.8.17	JOB.8.17	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My transgression is sealed up in a bag, and Thou heapest up mine iniquity. (Writings JOB.14.17, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* My transgression is sealed up in a bag, and Thou heapest up mine iniquity.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x6:1
# text = My transgression is sealed up in a bag, and Thou heapest up mine iniquity.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	transgression	transgression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	sealed	seal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	nsubj	_	_
12	heapest	heap	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	up	up	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	mine	mine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	iniquity	iniquity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seal up** | present · passive |  | My transgression |  | a bag |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **heap up** | present | Thou | mine iniquity |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent iniquity=Theme |
| 3 | **transgress** |  | My |  |  |  |  |  | nom transgression «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.14.17, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x6:2
# text = (Writings JOB.14.17, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.14.17	JOB.14.17	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is a heap of 40 stones.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x7:1
# text = There is a heap of 40 stones.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	40	40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a heap of 40 stones |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He moved 15 stones from the heap.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x8:1
# text = He moved 15 stones from the heap.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	15	15	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | past | He | 15 stones |  | the heap |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent stone=Theme from heap=Trajectory |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Two heaps have 25 and 30 apples.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x9:1
# text = Two heaps have 25 and 30 apples.
1	Two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	25	25	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	30	30	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	conj	_	_
7	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Two heaps | 25 apples |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apple=Patient |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She heaps 3 more spoons of sugar.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x10:1
# text = She heaps 3 more spoons of sugar.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heaps	heap	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
4	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
5	spoons	spoon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heap** | present | She | 3 more spoons of sugar |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent spoon=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My clothes were in a heap on the floor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x11:1
# text = My clothes were in a heap on the floor.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	6	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | My clothes |  |  | a heap |  | on the floor | tree rules |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We put the leaves on the compost heap.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x12:1
# text = We put the leaves on the compost heap.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	compost	compost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | We | the leaves |  | the compost heap |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme on heap=Destination |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thanks heaps for your help!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x13:1
# text = Thanks heaps for your help!
1	Thanks	thanks	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom help «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog jumped into the heap of leaves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x14:1
# text = The dog jumped into the heap of leaves.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | past | the dog |  |  |  |  | into the heap of leaves *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into heap=Result |

## Example 15 {#x15}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They divided the money into three heaps.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:heap:x15:1
# text = They divided the money into three heaps.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	divided	divide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **divide** | past | They | the money |  | three heaps |  |  | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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