---
title: hewn — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hewn» in the Judaism dictionary: Cut or chopped with an axe, pick or other sharp tool, especially wood or stone. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hewn

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, thou, good things, cisterns, vineyards, Wisdom · **What happens:** cut, chop, pick, shape, make, not build · **To what, where:** other sharp tool, altar, Me, tool, vineyards, plant

<!-- .vabout -->
«hewn» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hewn in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/hewn.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cut or chopped with an axe, pick or other sharp tool, especially wood or stone.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:m1:1
# text = Cut or chopped with an axe, pick or other sharp tool, especially wood or stone.
1	Cut	cut	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	chopped	chop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	conj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	axe	axe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	pick	pick	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	tool	tool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **chop** | participle | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with a axe | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V PP PP»: agent=Agent with axe=Instrument |
| 3 | **pick** | infinitive |  | other sharp tool and wood or stone |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tool=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shaped roughly by cutting, as in «rough-hewn».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:m2:1
# text = Shaped roughly by cutting, as in «rough-hewn».
1	Shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	roughly	roughly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	cutting	cut	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	hewn	hewn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shape** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | roughly *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **cut** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And if thou make Me an altar of stone, thou shalt not build it of hewn stones; for if thou lift up thy tool upon it, thou hast profaned it. (Torah EXO.20.25, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And if thou make Me an altar of stone, thou shalt not build it of hewn stones; for if thou lift up thy tool upon it, thou hast profaned it.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:x1:1
# text = And if thou make Me an altar of stone, thou shalt not build it of hewn stones; for if thou lift up thy tool upon it, thou hast profaned it.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
4	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
5	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	altar	altar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
11	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	nsubj	_	_
12	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	build	build	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	hewn	hewn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
20	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
21	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
22	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	23	nsubj	_	_
23	lift	lift	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
24	up	up	ADP	RP	_	23	compound:prt	_	_
25	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	tool	tool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
27	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	31	nsubj	_	_
31	hast	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
32	profaned	profane	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	ccomp	_	_
33	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | thou | a altar of stone | Me |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset i=Beneficiary altar=Product |
| 2 | **not** **build** | shall | thou | altar |  |  |  | of hewn stones | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |
| 3 | **lift up** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | thou | thy tool |  | tool |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent tool=Theme upon it=Destination |
| 4 | **have** | present | thou |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **profane** | past | thou *not said here* | altar |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.20.25, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:x1:2
# text = (Torah EXO.20.25, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.20.25	EXO.20.25	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and houses full of all good things, which thou didst not fill, and cisterns hewn out, which thou the didst not hew, vineyards and olive-trees, which thou didst not plant, and thou shalt eat and be satisfied — (Torah DEU.6.11, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 42 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:x2:1
# text = and houses full of all good things, which thou didst not fill, and cisterns hewn out, which thou the didst not hew, vineyards and olive-trees, which thou didst not plant, and thou shalt eat and be satisfied — (Torah DEU.6.11, JPS 1917)
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
6	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
10	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nsubj	_	_
11	didst	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	fill	fill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	cisterns	cistern	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
17	hewn	hewn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
18	out	out	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
20	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	obj	_	_
21	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	25	nsubj	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
23	didst	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
25	hew	hew	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	vineyards	vineyard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
29	olive	olive	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
33	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	35	nsubj	_	_
34	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	35	nsubj	_	_
35	didst	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	conj	_	_
36	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	35	advmod	_	_
37	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
40	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	42	nsubj	_	_
41	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	42	aux	_	_
42	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	parataxis	_	_
43	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
44	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	45	cop	_	_
45	satisfied	satisfied	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	conj	_	_
46	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	49	punct	_	_
47	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	49	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	49	compound	_	_
49	DEU.6.11	DEU.6.11	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
51	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	49	appos	_	_
52	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	51	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	51	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **fill** | past · do-support | all good things |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **hewn out** | participle | cisterns |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **hew** | past · do-support | thou | vineyards  Torah DEU.6.11 and olive trees |  |  |  |  | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP ADJP»: agent=Agent which=Patient vineyard=Result |
| 4 | **not** **do** | past | vineyards  Torah DEU.6.11 and olive trees | plant |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Eventuality |
| 5 | **eat** | shall | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **is** | infinitive | thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  | satisfied *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
nB3 mynp nna ni2isn hpa graved by the voice, hewn out :mDipD nti-ens in the air, and fixed in the moutli in five places. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* nB3 mynp nna ni2isn hpa graved by the voice, hewn out :mDipD nti-ens in the air, and fixed in the moutli in five places.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:x3:1
# text = nB3 mynp nna ni2isn hpa graved by the voice, hewn out :mDipD nti-ens in the air, and fixed in the moutli in five places.
1	nB3	nB3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	mynp	mynp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	nna	nna	X	FW	_	5	compound	_	_
4	ni2isn	ni2isn	X	FW	_	5	compound	_	_
5	hpa	hpa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	graved	grave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	hewn	hewn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
12	out	out	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	mDipD	mdipd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
15	nti	nti	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	14	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	ens	en	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	fixed	fix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	moutli	moutli	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	29	nummod	_	_
29	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grave** | participle |  | nna ni2isn hpa and mDipD and ens in the air *not said here* |  |  |  | by the voice | tree rules |
| 2 | **hewn out** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **fix** | participle |  | mDipD and ens in the air *not said here* |  | the moutli |  | in five places | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:x3:2
# text = (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wisdom hath builded her house, she hath hewn out her seven pillars; (Writings PRO.9.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:x4:1
# text = Wisdom hath builded her house, she hath hewn out her seven pillars; (Writings PRO.9.1, JPS 1917)
1	Wisdom	wisdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	builded	builde	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	hewn	hewn	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	pillars	pillar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	parataxis	_	_
17	PRO.9.1	PRO.9.1	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	flat	_	_
20	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Wisdom |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **builde** | past | Wisdom *not said here* | Wisdom's house |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **have** | present | Wisdom |  |  | Wisdom's seven pillars |  | hewn *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And above were costly stones, after the measure of hewn stones, and cedar-wood. (Prophets 1KI.7.11, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And above were costly stones, after the measure of hewn stones, and cedar-wood.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:x5:1
# text = And above were costly stones, after the measure of hewn stones, and cedar-wood.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	above	above	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	costly	costly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	measure	measure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	hewn	hewn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	cedar	cedar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past |  |  |  | costly stones |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **measure** |  |  | hewn stones |  |  |  |  | nom measure «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 1KI.7.11, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:x5:2
# text = (Prophets 1KI.7.11, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	1KI.7.11	1KI.7.11	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He hath enclosed my ways with hewn stone, He hath made my paths crooked. (Writings LAM.3.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* He hath enclosed my ways with hewn stone, He hath made my paths crooked.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:x6:1
# text = He hath enclosed my ways with hewn stone, He hath made my paths crooked.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	enclosed	enclose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	hewn	hewn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
13	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	paths	path	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
15	crooked	crooked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enclose** | present · passive |  | He |  |  |  | with hewn stone | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present · passive |  | He |  |  |  | crooked *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary path=Product |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings LAM.3.9, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:x6:2
# text = (Writings LAM.3.9, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	LAM.3.9	LAM.3.9	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The steps were hewn out of solid rock.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:x7:1
# text = The steps were hewn out of solid rock.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	hewn	hewn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	solid	solid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hewn out** | past · passive |  | the steps |  | solid rock |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cottage had a rough-hewn wooden table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:x8:1
# text = The cottage had a rough-hewn wooden table.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cottage	cottage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
5	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	hewn	hewn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the cottage | a rough hewn wooden table |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent table=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stone for the cathedral was hewn from a nearby quarry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:x9:1
# text = Stone for the cathedral was hewn from a nearby quarry.
1	Stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cathedral	cathedral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	hewn	hewn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	nearby	nearby	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	quarry	quarry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hewn** | past · passive |  | Stone for the cathedral |  | a nearby quarry |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Miners hewed coal deep underground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:x10:1
# text = Miners hewed coal deep underground.
1	Miners	miner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hewed	hew	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	coal	coal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
5	underground	underground	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hew** | past | Miners | coal |  |  |  | underground *property* | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coal=Patient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ancient tomb was hewn into the cliff.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:x11:1
# text = The ancient tomb was hewn into the cliff.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	tomb	tomb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	hewn	hewn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cliff	cliff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hewn** | past · passive |  | the ancient tomb |  | the cliff |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The beams were hand-hewn by carpenters long ago.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:x12:1
# text = The beams were hand-hewn by carpenters long ago.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	beams	beam	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
4	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	hewn	hewn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	carpenters	carpenter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
9	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	10	advmod	_	_
10	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hewn** | past · passive | carpenters | the beams |  |  |  | ago *property* | tree rules |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The churches there are almost entirely built of hewn blocks of stone, each like a piece of rock.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hewn:x13:1
# text = The churches there are almost entirely built of hewn blocks of stone, each like a piece of rock.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	churches	church	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
5	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	hewn	hewn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	blocks	block	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	appos	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | present · passive |  | the churches |  |  |  | of hewn blocks of stone; entirely *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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- ↑ back to [H in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/H/)