---
title: hireling — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hireling» in the Judaism dictionary: A person who works only for pay. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hireling

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, he, owner, you, servant, hireling · **What happens:** work, be, not make, lose, not be, look away · **To what, where:** owner, hireling, hire, days

<!-- .vabout -->
«hireling» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hireling in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/hireling.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who works only for pay.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hireling:m1:1
# text = A person who works only for pay.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	pay	pay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | present | a person |  |  |  |  | for pay | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for pay=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If the owner thereof be with it, he shall not make it good; if it be a hireling, he loseth his hire. (Torah EXO.22.15, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* If the owner thereof be with it, he shall not make it good; if it be a hireling, he loseth his hire.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hireling:x1:1
# text = If the owner thereof be with it, he shall not make it good; if it be a hireling, he loseth his hire.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	advcl	_	_
4	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
16	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
18	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	cop	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	hireling	hireling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	loseth	lose	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	hire	hire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with owner; thereof *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **make** | shall | he | owner |  |  |  | good *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Product |
| 3 | **is a** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive | owner | a hireling |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **lose** | present | he | his hire |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hire=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.22.15, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hireling:x1:2
# text = (Torah EXO.22.15, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.22.15	EXO.22.15	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And are not his days like the days of a hireling? (Writings JOB.7.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And are not his days like the days of a hireling?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hireling:x2:1
# text = And are not his days like the days of a hireling?
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	hireling	hireling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** | present |  | his days |  |  | day |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.7.1, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hireling:x2:2
# text = (Writings JOB.7.1, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.7.1	JOB.7.1	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Look away from him, that he may rest, till he shall accomplish, as a hireling, his day. (Writings JOB.14.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Look away from him, that he may rest, till he shall accomplish, as a hireling, his day.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hireling:x3:1
# text = Look away from him, that he may rest, till he shall accomplish, as a hireling, his day.
1	Look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	away	away	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	rest	rest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	accomplish	accomplish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	hireling	hireling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look away** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | from him *= he*; away *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent from he=Theme |
| 2 | **rest** | may | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **accomplish** | shall | he | a hireling and his day |  |  |  |  | vn complete-55.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hireling=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.14.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hireling:x3:2
# text = (Writings JOB.14.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.14.6	JOB.14.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As a servant that eagerly longeth for the shadow, and as a hireling that looketh for his wages; (Writings JOB.7.2, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hireling:x4:1
# text = As a servant that eagerly longeth for the shadow, and as a hireling that looketh for his wages; (Writings JOB.7.2, JPS 1917)
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
5	eagerly	eagerly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	longeth	long	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	hireling	hireling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
15	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
16	looketh	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	wages	wage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
21	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	appos	_	_
23	JOB.7.2	JOB.7.2	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	flat	_	_
26	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	23	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	22	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **long** | present | a servant and a hireling |  |  |  |  | for the shadow; eagerly *property* | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for shadow=Theme |
| 2 | **look** | present | a hireling |  |  |  |  | for his wages | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for wage=Theme |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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